寄主植物对苹果黄蚜药剂敏感性及解毒酶活性的影响

为研究寄主对苹果黄蚜药剂敏感性及体内酶活力的影响,采用生物测定和生化方法分别对取食杏树、李子树、梨树和苹果树的苹果黄蚜种群的药剂敏感性及解毒酶活性进行了测定。供试药剂对杏树、李子树、梨树和苹果树上蚜虫种群的相对毒力指数测定结果表明,吡虫啉为3.53、3.12、2.55和1.00,马拉硫磷为2.42、2.06、1.69和1.00,溴氰菊酯为2.96、1.66、1.43和1.00,灭多威为2.11、1.65、1.37和1.00;对四种药剂的敏感性大小均为杏树种群>李子树种群>梨树种群>苹果树种群。蚜虫的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)、多功能氧化酶(MFO)的离体酶活力顺序均为苹果种群>梨树种群>李子树种群>杏树种群,四个蚜虫种群的GST活力比值分别为2.32、1.73、1.35和1.00,AChE活力比值为2.48、1.73、1.66和1.00,CarE活力比值为1.60、1.27、1.23和1.00,MFO活力比值为2.02、1.31、1.13和1.00。各种群间的四种酶活力差异均达显著水平。说明寄主植物能影响苹果黄蚜药剂敏感性及解毒酶活力水平。

Influence of host plants to detoxification enzymes and susceptibilities to insecticides on Aphis citricola von der Goot

Using the bioassay and biochemical methods, the insecticides susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of different Aphis citricola von der Goot populations were investigated to study the influence of host on A.citricola. The relative toxicity of imidacloprid, malathion, deltamethrin, methomyl to A.citricola population live on almond, plum, pear, apple were 3.53, 3.12, 2.55, 1.00; 2.42, 2.06, 1.69, 1.00; 2.96, 1.66, 1.43, 1.00; 2.11, 1.65, 1.37, 1.00, respectively. The susceptibility of aphis to pesticides was highest in population on almond, flowed by those on plum, pear and apple. Activities of glutathion-S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxyl esterase (CarE) and mixed function oxidase (MFO) were highest in apple population, followed by pear, plum and almond populations of aphids. The GST, AChE, CarE and MFO activities of A.citricola population live on apple, pear, plum and almond was 2.32, 1.73, 1.35, 1.00; 2.48, 1.73, 1.66, 1.00; 1.60, 1.27, 1.23, 1.00; 2.02, 1.31, 1.13, 1.00, respectively. The differences of each enzyme activity of different aphid populations reach significant levels. All results indicated the host can influence the pesticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes activity of A.citricola.