木霉菌REMI变异株对部分生态因子的影响

采用常规微生物分离和植物生物量测定等方法,将木霉菌REMI变异菌株的孢子进行种子接菌、土壤接菌、水中接菌,研究木霉菌REMI变异菌株对农作物甜瓜和玉米及杂草等生长性状、甜瓜根际土壤微生物和鱼苗生长以及在水中存活等的影响,检测其生物安全性。结果表明,除Ttrm53外,其余木霉菌变异株和出发菌株T21对甜瓜和玉米种子安全,并且能够显著提高种子的出苗率、增加须根数和促进幼苗生长;部分变异菌株对杂草具有抑制作用;供试木霉菌变异株对甜瓜根际土壤真菌有抑制作用,对细菌和放线菌群体数量无显著影响;木霉菌孢子在河水及自来水中均不能萌发,分生孢子在水中存活约12～18天,厚垣孢子约18～27天,菌体自行消解;对鱼苗生长没有不良影响。

Effects of Trichoderma REMI mutants on partial ecological factors

To detect bio-safety of Trichoderma REMI (restriction enzyme mediated integration) mutants, spores of Trichoderma REMI mutants were inoculated into seeds, soil and water by means of conventional technics of microbial isolation, biomass determination of plant, etc, its survival in water and its effects on rhizosphere microorganisms and growth of melon, maize, and weeds, as well as toxicity on fish fry were detected. The results showed that the majority of Trichoderma REMI mutants, except Ttrm53, were safe to melon and maize seeds and could increase significantly germination ratio, the number of fibrous roots and improve the growth of melon and maize seedling. Some REMI mutants expressed stronger inhibition to weeds. All tested REMI mutants showed significant effects on the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil of melon, but did not on bacteria and actinomyces. Spores of Trichoderma REMI mutants could not germinate in river and tap water. Conidial spores and chlamydospores could survive in water for 12-18 days and 18-27 days, respectively. Trichoderma REMI mutants were not harmful to the growth of fish fry. Most of Trichoderma REMI mutants were in-noxious.