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气候变暖对甘肃省武威市主要病虫害发生趋势的影响
引用本文:刘明春,蒋菊芳,魏育国,徐生海.气候变暖对甘肃省武威市主要病虫害发生趋势的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(20):9522-9525.
作者姓名:刘明春  蒋菊芳  魏育国  徐生海
作者单位:1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室,甘肃兰州,730020;甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站,甘肃武威,733000
2. 甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站,甘肃武威,733000
3. 甘肃省武威市植保站,甘肃武威,733000
基金项目:财政部气象行业科研专项基金 
摘    要:[目的]研究气候变暖对甘肃省武威市主要病虫害发生趋势的影响。[方法]以凉州区为例,分析了农作物主要病虫害小麦蚜虫、小麦条锈病、玉米棉铃虫等生消关键期(越冬期、发生发展期)历年热量和水分条件变化,以及各气象要素与病虫害发生之间的内在相互关系。[结果]在全球气候变暖背景下,凉州区气候变暖幅度亦逐年代加快,气温线性倾向值20世纪80年代以来达到0.535 ℃/10 a,异常暖年、暖年出现几率增大,冬季气温倾向值为0.583 ℃/10 a,明显高于其他季节 病虫害发生期间(3~9月)热量条件改善,≥5 ℃积温、≥10 ℃积温增加明显 降水总体呈增加趋势,春、夏季降水增加较快,但量级较小 受气候变化影响,暖冬有利于虫卵的安全越冬,越冬基数增加,翌年发生期提前,发生面积增大。生育期间热量增加、光照充足有利于小麦蚜虫、玉米红蜘蛛的发生发展,为害期延长,世代数增加,为害程度加重。降水增多虽不利于虫害的繁殖,但对小麦条锈病、赤霉病等的发展蔓延有利。[结论]对于有效指导病虫害预防、减轻农业污染、保护农业生态环境具有积极意义。

关 键 词:气候变暖  病虫害  发生趋势  甘肃武威市

Influences of Climate Warming on Main Diseases and Insect Pests' Occurrence Trend in Wuwei City, Gansu Province
LIU Ming-chun et al.Influences of Climate Warming on Main Diseases and Insect Pests' Occurrence Trend in Wuwei City, Gansu Province[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2009,37(20):9522-9525.
Authors:LIU Ming-chun
Institution:LIU Ming-chun et al (Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change , Reducing Disaster of Gansu Provice,Key Open Laboratory of Arid Change , Disaster Reducing of CMA,Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020)
Abstract:Objective] The research aimed to study the influences of climate warming on main diseases and pests' occurrence trend in Wuwei City,Gansu Province.Method] Taking the Liangzhou County for example,the record heat and water condition change were analyzed during the occurrence and disappear critical period(wintering period and development period) of the crop main diseases and insect pests such as wheat aphid,wheat stripe rust,corn bollworm,and the internal relations between weather elements and diseases and i...
Keywords:Climate warming  Diseases and insect pests  Occurrence Trend  Wuwei City of Gansu Province
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