西门塔尔牛Hb、Tf多态型及其与经济性状的关系

采用醋酸纤维薄膜和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法,分别检测了西门塔尔牛血红蛋白(Hb)和血清运铁蛋白(Tf)多态型,分析了Hb、Tf多态型与产奶量、泌乳期、初配年龄和繁殖效率等经济性状的关系。Hb由A、B两个等位基因控制,表现AA、AB、BB三种类型,A、B两个基因频率分别为0.9306和0.0694。Tf由A、D、E三个等显性基因控制,其基因频率分别为0.2937、0.6915和0.0117,呈现AA、AD、DD、AE和DE五种表现型。HbAA型比AB型305d和90d产奶量分别高103.4kg和76.9kg,泌乳期短38.9d(P<0.01);在TfDD与AD型间,305d和前90d产奶量TfDD分别高389.5kg(P<0.01)和118.8kg(P<0.05),初配年龄TfDD早32.2d(P<0.05),繁殖效率以TfAD好,高3.1个百分点(P<0.05)。

The Hb and Tf Polymorphism and the Relationship Between Their Polymorphism and Economical Trait of Simmental Cattle

The polymorphism of haemoglobin(Hb)and serum transferrin(Tf)of Simmental cattle were tested by using the cellulose acetate film and polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis and the relationship between polymorphism and milk output,lactation period,the age of first breeding,and reproductivity were analysed.The Hb was controlled by A,B two alleles and the phenotype were three types:AA,AB,BB,and the gene frequency of A,B were0.9306and0.0694separately.The Tf was controlled by three alleles A,D,E,and their gene frequencies were0.2937,0.6915and0.0117separately.Their phenotype were AA,AD,DD,AE,and DE.Between HbAA and BB,the milk output of305days and90days for HbAA were103.4kg and76.9kg higher than HbBB respectively,the lactation period of HbAA was shorter38.9days than HbAB(p<0.01).between TfDD and AD types,the TfDD types produced389.5kg(p<0.01)and118.8Kg(p<0.05)more milk during305days and the first90days of lactation respectively;the age of the first breeding for TfDD was32.2days earlier(p<0.05);the TfAD had the reproductivity which was higher3.1per cent (p<0.05).