神府─东胜矿区采煤对水资源影响的初步评价

神府─东胜矿区将建成世界级的特大型煤炭基地.煤田开采、矿坑排水，致使浅层的地下水被疏干、出现了地下水位下降，包气带厚度加大、下垫层改变、河川径流减少的现象.据调查分析，地下水平均每年下降0.15-0.40m；河川径流系数开采前（1976-1980年）平均值为0.243，开采后（1986-1989年）下降为0.146.由于水资源的减少，造成农业用水及农村人畜用水困难、应引起充分的重视，纳入煤炭综合规划供水部分.本区属半旱区位于毛乌素沙漠风沙草滩区，水资源对环境的影响十分显着.今后必须对煤炭开采、矿坑排水加强管理、注意节约用水、提高水的利用率.

Preliminary Assessment for the Effects of Coal Mining on the Water Resources in Shenfu-Dongsheng Coal Field

Shenfu-Dongsheng coal base will be constructed as the extremely largest energy base in China and in the world. Howerer,coal mining on a vast scale causes the exhaustion of shallow underground water,the falling of underground water level,the increase in th thickness of the aeration belt,the changes of surface features and the decreases of river flow. According to recent investigations and analyses in this region,on the average,the underground water levels fall about 0.15-0.40m a year. The average coefficient of river flow was 0.243 before the coal development (1976-1980),whereas it was 0.146 after the coal developmtnr (1986-1989). Because the water resources decreased,the shortage of water used by farming and livings has become a big problem,which should be paid more attention to. Therefore,the wate supply should be considered as the important part of the comprehensive plan of coal development. This region lies in Semi-arid and arid zone.it is next to the Maowusa Desert. The effects of water resources on environment are extremely significant. More attention should be paid to management of coal mining and drainage from mine,conserving wate and raising wate utitization rate.