麻竹开花生物学特性观察及控制授粉的初步研究

竹类植物开花生物学特性和控制授粉技术的研究是开展竹类有性遗传改良的必要前提.该文以设在福建省南靖县国营苗圃的29丛90根麻竹开花亲本为研究对象，采用野外实地观测的方法，观测了其开花预兆、开花周期及持续时间、开花季节和初花时间、花枝类型及结构、小穗形态及结构、花器构造和发育特性及竹花开放顺序等开花生物学特性，研究了麻竹控制授粉时不同气候条件和花枝位置对结实率的影响.研究结果初步表明，控制授粉时气候及花枝位置对结实率的影响不显著，及时利用竹子田间自然开花并适时地进行人工授粉是可行的. 

Biological characteristics of flowering and controlled pollination of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro

The biological characteristics of flowering of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro including flowering signs, flowering period and duration, flowering season and first blooming time, types of flowering branches and their structures, shape and structure of spike, floral structure and development as well as floral opening order were studied. Meanwhile, controlled pollination was carried out by using 90 poles, 29 clumps of D. latiflorus Munro planted in the State Nursery of Nanjing County, Fujian Province of Southeast China. The results indicate that there is no significant difference in seed setting rate under different weather conditions and on different flowering branches. It is suitable to carry out controlled pollination during the natural flowering period in bamboo field.