库尔勒香梨粗皮果果实不同部位矿质元素含量动态变化

【目的】研究库尔勒香梨果实生长发育期果皮、果肉和果核内矿质元素含量变化,分析其对粗皮果果实不同部位矿质元素供需关系的影响。【方法】从5月30日开始每隔20 d对粗皮果园的香梨树喷施钙复合试剂以及对各试验设计的果实进行采样一次,共喷4次,测定果实不同部位氮、磷、钾、钙、镁的含量。【结果】膨大期到成熟期,宿萼、脱萼粗皮果的果皮、果肉和果核钙含量显著低于宿萼、脱萼正常果,而氮、磷、钾含量显著高于宿萼、脱萼正常果;在成熟期宿萼、脱萼粗皮果的果皮、果肉和果核镁含量显著低于宿萼、脱萼正常果,而在膨大期差异不显著。无论是粗皮果、正常果或钙处理果,膨大期到成熟期钙元素积累高低顺序依次为:果皮>果核>果肉;氮元素积累高低顺序依次为:果核>果皮>果肉;膨大期果肉磷含量比果皮和果核高,成熟期果核磷含量比果皮和果肉高;钾和镁元素在果实不同部位内没有规律性变化。【结论】粗皮果的形成与粗皮果果皮、果肉和果核内氮、磷、钾含量过高造成果实缺钙有关,而与粗皮果果实不同部位钙、氮和磷元素的分配不均无关。

A Study on the Dynamic Changes of Mineral Element Contents in Different Parts of Roughbark Fruit of Korla Fragrant Pear

【Objective】 By analyzing the changes of mineral elements in pericarp, pulp and core of Korla fragrant pear during its growing and developing period, the relationship between supply and demand of mineral elements in different parts of the roughbark fruit was studied.【Method】Calcium compound reagent was sprayed in rough orchard every 20 days from May 30 and the fruits of each experiment were sampled to determine the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in different parts of the fruit. 【Result】Expansion period to maturity,the content of calcium in the peel, pulp and fruit core of the persistent calyx and dropping calyx roughbark fruit was significantly lower than that of the persistent calyx and dropping calyx normal fruit, while the N, P and K contents were significantly higher than those of the persistent calyx and dropping calyx normal fruit; The content of Mg in the peel, pulp and fruit core of the persistent calyx and dropping calyx roughbark fruit was significantly lower than that of the persistent calyx and dropping calyx normal fruit at the mature period, and there was no significant difference during the expansion period. Whether it was roughbark fruit, normal fruit or calcium treated fruit, the order of Ca element accumulation was as follows: peel > fruit core > pulp, and the order of N element accumulation was as follows: fruit core > peel > pulp. The content of P element in the pulp of the inflated period was higher than that in the peel and the fruit core, and the content of P element in the fruit core of the mature period was higher than that in the peel and pulp. There were no regular changes of K and Mg in different parts of fruit.【Conclusion】The formation of roughbark fruit may be related to the excessive content of N,P and K in the pericarp, pulp and fruit core, but not to to the uneven distribution of Ca, N and P elements in different parts of the fruit.