新疆籽用西瓜ISSR反应体系的建立及其遗传多样性研究

【目的】研究籽用西瓜遗传多样性,对籽用西瓜品种进行遗传多样性和聚类分析,为杂种选育提供一定的理论依据。【方法】以60份籽用西瓜种质资源为材料,对ISSR引物UBC801~UBC900进行筛选。【结果】筛选出多态性较好的ISSR引物10条。利用10条ISSR引物扩增60份籽用西瓜种质资源,共获得44个等位变异,每对引物检测到的等位变异数的变幅为3~7个,平均等位变异数4.4个。其中多态性条带为24条,10条ISSR引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)的变化范围为0.042 3~0.674 0,平均为0.358 2,遗传相似系数的变异范围为0.318~0.992,平均为0.779。利用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,新疆籽用西瓜分为6大组,第一组为材料47(40036),第二组为材料8(新籽瓜8号),第三组为材料10(红秀2号)、11(普通红大片)、12(新籽瓜4号)、13(紫荆红)、14(40002)、15(40004)、16(40008),第四组为材料7(新籽瓜1号),第五组为材料52(40045),其余的都归类为第六组。【结论】ISSR对籽用西瓜种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系确定相比其他分子标记更有优势,更为全面的基因组DNA信息,品种间较丰富的遗传多样性信息。利用ISSR标记分析60份籽用西瓜遗传多样性,参试材料来源、籽色、大小不同,亲缘关系差异较大,新疆籽用西瓜种质资源遗传多样性丰富。

Diversity of Seed-Watermelon Germplasms in Xinjiang Based on ISSR Markers Analysis

【Objective】 In order to explore the genetic diversity of seed-watermelons, this project aims to carry out the genetic diversity and cluster analysis of various varieties.【Method】Sixty seed-watermelon germplasm resources were employed as researching materials for screening the suitable ISSR primer pairs from UBC801 to UBC900.【Result】Ten ISSR primer pairs were chosen as the suitable primers for producing 44 allelic variation via amplification of 60 seed-watermelon germplasm resources. Moreover, each primer pair could produce 3 to 7 allelic variation and the average allelic variation number was 4.4. Furthermore, 24 polymorphism bands were generated in this project and the polymorphism information content (PIC) from ten ISSR primer pairs ranged from 0.042,3 to 0.674,0, and the average PIC was 0.358,2. The genetic similarity coefficient of 60 germplasm resources varied from 0.409 to 0.977 and the average coefficient was 0.779.【Conclusion】ISSR is superior to other molecular markers in determining genetic diversity and genetic relationship of seed watermelon germplasm resources compared to other molecular markers. Meanwhile, more comprehensive genomic DNA information can be seen, which can reflect the abundant genetic diversity information among different varieties. All these provide some theoretical basis for hybrid breeding.