新疆地区玉米品种营养品质主成分分析与评价

【目的】 分析新疆不同玉米品种的营养成分与品质,为提高新疆玉米营养品质及加工品质提供理论依据。【方法】 采集新疆23个玉米品种作为样本, 分析其粗淀粉、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、赖氨酸等含量,采用SPSS软件对玉米营养品质进行主成分分析。【结果】 新疆玉米粗淀粉含量67.01%~77.76%,粗蛋白含量5.47%~8.37%,粗脂肪含量2.5%~4.66%,赖氨酸含量0.2%~0.29%。主成分分析表明,23个玉米品种营养品质由高到低依次为:9384>登海8883>新玉74号>新玉41号>新玉59号>KX9384>新玉54号>3376>新玉47号>新玉80号>禾玉187>M753>新玉84号>新玉29号>农润919>2564>新玉60号>新玉9号>新玉87号>新玉65号>新玉13号>新玉77号>335。【结论】 新疆地区玉米品种很多,但适合市场需求的品种不多。应大力发展饲料专用玉米、高赖氨酸玉米、发酵工业用玉米、高淀粉玉米,并积极发展鲜食玉米和植物油玉米、高油玉米。

Principal Component Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Quality of Maize Cultivars in Xinjiang

【Objective】 To analyze the nutritional composition and quality of different maize cultivars in Xinjiang in the hope of providing theoretical basis for improving the nutritional quality and processing quality.【Method】 Twenty-three corn varieties widely planted in Xinjiang were collected as research samples to analyze the contents of crude starch, crude protein, crude fat, lysine, etc. and furthermore SPSS software was applied to perform principal component analysis of the values of maize.【Result】 The results showed that the content of crude starch, crude protein, crude fat and lysine were 67.01%-77.76%, 5.47%-8.37%, 2.5%-4.66% and 0.2%-0.29% respectively. Principal component analysis results indicated that the quality of 23 maize cultivars was different: the order from high to low was, 9384 > Denghai 8883 > Xinyu 74 > Xinyu 41 >Xinyu 59 > KX9384 >Xinyu 54 > 3376 > Xinyu 47 > Xinyu 80 >Heyu 187 > M753 > Xinyu 84 >Xinyu 29 > Nongrun 919 > 2564 > Xinyu 60 > Xinyu 9 > Xinyu 87 > Xinyu 65 > Xinyu 13 > Xinyu 77> 335.【Conclusion】 Although there are many varieties of maize in Xinjiang, there are not many varieties suitable for market demand. So, Xinjiang should vigorously develop forage special maize cultivars, high lysine maize cultivars, fermenting industry maize cultivars, high-starch maize cultivars, and actively develop fresh maize cultivars, vegetable oil maize cultivars and high-oil maize cultivars.