降解地膜降解后对土壤增温保墒及棉花生长的影响

【目的】 研究氧化-生物双降解地膜的降解效果及对土壤增温保墒性能、棉花产量的影响,为棉花生产筛选出合适的氧化-生物双降解地膜。【方法】 田间对比试验,设4个处理,TZ1、TZ2、TZ3 处理为降解地膜处理,CK为普通地膜处理。【结果】 在棉花整个生育期CK处理未发生降解。而各3种氧化-生物双降解地膜的降解速度和降解程度均不同。在铺设33 d时几乎没有发生降解,在铺膜后约105 d TZ1处理地膜已完全降解成碎末;收获时TZ2降解率为56.7%~66.2%,而TZ3降解率不足5%;3种氧化-生物双降解地膜中,当TZ1完全降解时所需时间为100 d。使用氧化-生物双降解地膜的棉花产量与常规膜无显著差异;在棉花不同生育期,各处理茎粗无显著差异,但6月TZ1、TZ2处理棉花株高显著低于TZ3处理;膜下0~10 cm处,土壤增温保墒能力顺序为:CK＞TZ3＞TZ2＞TZ1。【结论】 氧化-生物双降解地膜过早降解显著降低土壤温度、土壤水分,但对棉花产量无显著影响。降解地膜降解的彻底性和降解时间的可控性仍有较大提升空间。

Effects of Degradation Plastic Film Mulch on Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Conservation and Cotton Growth

【Objective】 In view of the degradation process of degradable film in crop growth stage, the project aims to study the effect of oxo-biodegradation film on soil temperature and moisture conservation and cotton yield by field comparison experiments in the hope of suitable oxo-biodegradable mulching film for local cotton production.【Method】 Four treatments were set up in the experiment, TZ1,TZ2,TZ3 treatment as degradation film treatment, CK treatment as common mulching film treatment.【Result】 The results showed that the degradation rate and degree of the oxo-biodegradable mulching films were different and CK treatment did not degrade during the whole growth period of cotton. Almost no degradation occurred at 33 days after laying, and the film was completely degraded into debris after about 105 d TZ1 treatment. At harvest, the TZ2 degradation weight loss was 56.7%-66.2%, while the TZ3 degradation weight loss was less than 5%; When TZ1 was completely degraded, the time required was 100 d. There was no significant difference between the oxo-biodegradable mulch film and the ordinary plastic mulch film in cotton yield; In different stages of cotton, the stem diameter had no significant difference, while the cotton plant height in June of TZ1 and TZ2 treatments were significantly lower than that of TZ3 treatment; The order of soil temperature and soil moisture retention capacity at 0-10 cm under film was CK＞TZ3＞TZ2＞TZ1.【Conclusion】 Premature fracture of oxo-biodegradable mulching film greatly reduced soil moisture & soil temperature, but there was no significant effect on cotton yield, so there is still room for improving the controllability and the thoroughness of the oxo-biodegradable mulching film.