苦瓜种质资源农艺性状的相关、通径及聚类分析

对36份苦瓜种质资源的第一雌花开放天数、第一雌花节位、开花到坐果时间、果长、果径、果肉厚等与产量性状有关的10个农艺性状进行相关分析和通径分析。结果表明，单株产量与单株雌花数、单株坐果数、单果重、果长、果径等5个性状之间达极显著正相关。单株坐果数性状对产量性状形成所起的直接作用最大，通过其它性状所起的作用相对较小：雌花数量性状对产量形成的作用是通过结果数和单果质量来实现的。聚类结果表明：36份种质资源聚类为2个主要的组群。所有种质资源中，“04—36”与其它种质的亲缘关系较远，利用“04—36”与这些材料杂交有可能产生较大的杂种优势。种质“04—26”和“27—3”的亲缘关系在所有种质资源中最近，实现有利杂种优势的可能性相对较低。

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis and Euclidean Distance Clustering in Bitter Gourd(Momordica charantia L.)

Correlation coefficient analysis and path coefficient analysis for 11 quantitative characters of 36 pure lines of bitter gourd(Momordica charantia L.)were conducted. The number of female flowers, number of fruit setting, average fruit weight, fruit length and fruit size of the bitter gourd showed a strong positive correlation with the yield. The results indicated that the number of fruit setting among these 5 quantitative traits played major role in determining yield of bitter gourd while the other traits were less related to the yield. The number of female flowers was most closely related to the yield via the number of fruit setting and average fruit weight. Unweighted pair group cluster analyses showed that the 36 pure lines of bitter gourd were clustered into two groups. Of the pure lines Line 04-36 had a far relationship with all other lines, and had a heterosis when crossed with the other lines. Lines 04-26 and 27-3 were closely related and had weak heterosis in crossing.