The Enchytraeidae of spruce forest plots of different exposure and acid deposition in a German mountain range |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;3. Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA;4. Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia;5. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;6. Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA;2. Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria;3. Food Security and Safety Niche, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa;4. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072, Tianjin, China;1. Faculty of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China;3. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, PR China;4. Development Research Center of Yunnan Provincial People’s Government, Kunming, 650021, PR China;5. Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China;1. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 53021, SE-400 14 Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden;1. College of Resources and Environment, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou 450046, China;2. College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;3. National Critical Zone Observatory of Red Soil Hilly Region in Qianyanzhou, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;4. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Processes and Information, Ji’an 343725, China;5. Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Shenyang 110866, China;1. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 – 233, Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800, Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;3. Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Pakistan;4. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China;5. EkoTech Center, Gdansk University of Technology, G.Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Enchytraeidae were studied at spruce forest sites (Harz, Germany) differing in their exposure and soil acidity affected by acid deposition. Total density ranged between 38 000 and 59 000 ind. m–2 and biomass between 0.5 and 1 g m–2 d.m. (annual means). Of the seven species recorded, Cognettia sphagnetorum, Marionina clavata, and Achaeta camerani were dominant. The site affected most by acidification had the highest densities and lowest species number. Population dynamics and vertical distributions were affected by climate. Field and laboratory data provide evidence for sexual reproduction in C. sphagnetorum. Substrate preference experiments showed this species to prefer spruce litter from the OL-Horizon to that from the OH-Horizon, and spruce litter to beech litter. |
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