引进玉米自交系穗部性状的配合力和遗传力研究

选用6个引进的玉米自交系，按照NCⅡ遗传交配设计配制了9个杂交组合（3×3），研究了8个穗部性状的配合力和遗传力。结果表明：（1）同一自交系不同性状的一般配合力效应值不同，不同自交系同一性状的一般配合力效应值表现也不相同。穗行数、行粒数、轴粗受母本一般配合力效应均达到极显著水平。穗行、秃尖长、穗粗、轴粗受组合特殊配合力效应也都达到了显著或极显著水平。（2）不同组合同一性状和同一组合不同性状的特殊配合力效应值也不尽相同。一般配合力不能够完全决定组合的特殊配合力，一般配合力都高的双亲配组，得到高特殊配合力组合的概率较大：（3）所研究的8个穗部性状的广义遗传力由大到小顺序是：行粒数、穗行数、千粒重、轴粗、秃尖长、穗长、穗粗、穗粒重。狭义遗传力由大到小的顺序是：穗行数、轴粗、穗粒重、秃尖长、穗长、千粒重、穗粗、行粒数。其中，广义遗传力和狭义遗传力都较高的性状有穗行数和轴粗，均在75％以上，它们可以作为进行早代选择的指标。

Studies on the Combining Ability and Heritability of Ear Traits of Introduced Maize Inbred Lines

According to NC-Ⅱ genetic mating design, the combining ability and heritability of eight ear traits of six maize inbred lines introduced were analysised. The results showed ： （ 1 ） The GCA effect values of different traits of the same inbred line were different,and the same traits of different inbred lines of the GCA effect val- ues were not worth the same performance. The ear length, kernel of per row and axis diameter, by the fundamental axis rough GCA effect were at a very significant level. The rows per ear, bare tip length, ear diameter and axis diameter by the SCA effected of combination have reached a significant or very significant. （2） The SCA effect values of the same characters of different combinations and the different characters in same combinations were also different. SCA can not simply determined by the GCA, the parents group with higher GCA were at bigger rate to form a combination with higher SCA effect values. （ 3 ） The estimated of heritability in the broad are sequenced as kernel of per row,rows per ear,1000-kernels weight,axis diamete,bare tip lengt,ear length,ear diameter, kernel weight per ear, the estimated of heritability in the narrow are sequenced as rows per ear, axis diameter, kernel weight per ear. bare tip le n gth. ear length. 1000-kernels weight, ear diameter, kernel of per row. And the values of rows per earand axis＇diamete were heigher in either heritability in the broad sence and heritability in the narrow sence,which can act early generation selection indicators in breeding.