刺槐属6种材料鲜花芳香成分分析

采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱—质谱联用(SPME–GC–MS)技术检测了多花刺槐(Robinia neo-mexicana var.luxurians),粘枝刺槐(R.viscosa),‘紫艳青山’、‘多彩青山’、L2F和L68F刺槐(R.pseudoacacia)鲜花芳香成分。结果表明:(1)6种刺槐鲜花共检测出53种芳香成分,主要有萜烯类、醇类、酯类、酮类、醛类、芳香烃类、烷烃类;在6种刺槐鲜花所释放的芳香成分中均含有萜烯类、醇类、酯类,且相对含量均为:萜烯类醇类酯类,萜烯类是最主要的芳香成分。(2)开红花的多花刺槐和粘枝刺槐鲜花芳香成分相对含量最多的萜烯类、醇类分别是(E)–4,8–二甲基–1,3,7–壬三烯、1–辛烯–3–醇,其余4种开白花的刺槐鲜花芳香成分相对含量最多的萜烯类、醇类分别是β–罗勒烯、芳樟醇。(3)根据芳香成分相对含量及种类的多少,将多花刺槐和‘多彩青山’刺槐的鲜花定为淡香型,粘枝刺槐,‘紫艳青山’、L2F和L68F刺槐定为浓香型。

Studies on Aroma Compounds of Flowers of Six Germplasm of Genus Robinia

Aroma components in fresh flowers from 6 germplasm of Robinia neo-mexicana var.Luxurians,R.viscosa,R.pseudoacacia ‘Ziyan Qingshan’,R.pseudoacacia ‘Duocai Qingshan’,L2F and L68F were analyzed by Micro-extraction and GC-MS technology.The results showed that:(1) Fifty-three kinds of volatile compounds were identified in fresh flowers from 6 cultivars of genus Robinia,mainly including terpenes,alcohols,esters,ketones,aldehydes,arenes and alkanes.Flowers aromatic components of the 6 samples consist of terpenes,alcohols and esters.The relative amount of components was as follows:terpene ＞ alcohol ＞ esters.Terpene is the main aroma components.(2) The highest content of terpenes and alcohols of red flowers of R.neo-mexicana var.luxurians and R.viscosa are (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-l,3,7-triene,1-octen-3-ol.The highest content of terpenes and alcohols from the rest 4 samples with white flowers are beta-ocimene,linalool.(3) According to the relative content and type of volatile matter,we defined the flowers fragrance of R.neo-mexicana var.luxurians and R.pseudoacacia ‘Duocai Qingshan’ as light flavor,Robinia viscosa,R.pseudoacacia ‘Ziyan Qingshan’,L2F and L68F as strong flavor.