嫁接对番茄产量、品质及耐盐性影响的综合评价

以‘佳西娜74-112’番茄自根嫁接植株及其与8种砧木嫁接植株为试材,研究盐胁迫下不同砧木对番茄生长、产量、品质、钾钠离子吸收与分配、光合作用等的影响,采用隶属函数法进行综合评价。结果表明,虽然盐胁迫降低了生长势和产量,但却显著提高了果实品质。嫁接植株生长势、产量、品质和耐盐性因砧木不同而显著不同。采用‘西方番茄砧木’嫁接进行耐盐栽培,比对照条件下自根嫁接番茄产量降低32.3%,但比盐胁迫栽培的自根嫁接番茄产量提高37.7%,且对果实品质的负面影响相对较小,表现出最强的综合优势。采用隶属函数法将多项指标进行综合排序,提出了一套可应用于番茄耐盐砧木筛选的分析流程,有望为盐碱地土壤的综合开发利用提供参考。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Yield,Quality and Salt Stress Tolerance in Grafting Tomato

The variable characteristics of the plant growth,yield,quality,K+ and Na+ uptake and distribution,and photosynthesis were measured in the same scion ‘Jiaxina 74-112’ tomato grafted on 8 different rootstocks and the self-root grafting plants.Effects of both grafting and salt stress on plants yield,quality and salt stress tolerance were comprehensively evaluated on the basis of membership values of above indexes calculated by the method of membership function.The results showed that the plant growth and yield were significantly inhibited by salt stress.However,the fruit quality was significantly improved by salt stress.The growth vigor,yield,quality and salt stress tolerance of grafting tomato were significantly difference in different kinds of rootstocks.Yields of grafted tomato,using ‘Westem tomato rootstock’ under salt stress were decreased 32.3％ and increased 37.7％ separately comparing with auto-grafting of‘ Jiaxina 74-112’ under the control and salt stress conditions.And this grafting combination showed less effect on the fruit quality and the best comprehensive advantage.Based on the advantage of comprehensive evaluation by membership function,this study provide a new analytical method that can be used to selected the salt stress tolerance tomato rootstocks for the exploitation of saline-alkali soil.