观赏海棠不同叶位色彩特征及特异种质挖掘

采用X-rite色差仪对62份观赏海棠种质的1年生嫁接苗上、中、下叶位的叶片色彩进行测定,研究生长季内不同叶位的叶片色彩动态变化规律,建立了观赏海棠叶色评价体系,并在此基础上筛选出优良观叶品种。(1)基于L*、C*、h°构建了不同叶位CIELCH色空间三维动态分布图,发现所有品种上位叶的色彩最为丰富,L*、C*、h°位点最为分散;中位叶的色彩有所淡化,L*、C*呈持续下降趋势,h°呈增大趋势;下位叶的色彩变为深绿,L*、C*位点最低,h°位点最高。(2)基于5月上位叶色彩参数(L*、a*、b*),构建了叶色聚类分析树状图,发现在欧式距离12.5水平上62个海棠品种划分为2大色系类群和5个子色系类群,即绿色系(含深绿色、褐绿色和亮绿色3个子色系)和红色系(含紫红色和红棕色2个子色系)。(3)基于聚类分析结果以及色彩参数分别构建了观赏海棠绿叶种质评价体系和红叶种质评价体系,发现‘迎春雪’、‘金雨滴’和多花海棠叶色亮丽,色彩整齐性较高,是优良的绿叶观赏品种;‘完美紫色’、‘紫宝石’、‘宝贝’、‘红衣主教’具有优异的红叶观赏特性,叶红,色彩整齐性,稳定,是优良的红叶观赏品种。

Research on the Characteristics of Different Leaf Positions of Crabapple's Leaf Color and Elite Germplasm Excavation

The leaf color of the upper,middle and lower leaves of 62 ornamental crabapple cultivars were observed by X-rite color difference meter.The dynamic changes of the color of different cultivars in the growing season were studied,and established the evaluation system of the leaf color of the crabapple,on this basis,the fine foliage breed were selected.(1) Based on the L*,C*,h°,three-dimensional dynamic figure of CIELCH color space at different leaf positions were built.All varieties of the upper leaves of the most abundant color,L*,C*,h° sites are the most dispersed,the middle leaf color has faded;L*,C* showed a continuous downward trend,h° showed an increasing trend;the lower leaf color becomes dark green,L*,C* were the lowest and h°were the highest.(2) Based on the color parameter (L*,a*,b*) of upper leaves in May,the tree diagram of the leaf color cluster analysis was built.We found that 62 omamental crabapple were divided into 2 major groups and 5 subgroups,including Green group (Dark green,Brownish green and Bright green) and Red group (Fuchsia and Reddish brown).(3) Based on the results of cluster analysis and color parameters,the evaluation system and the evaluation system of leaf germplasm of ornamental crabapple were established.We found that M.‘Spring Snow’,M.‘Golden Raindrop’ and M.floribunda were bright beautiful and have a high color regularity,this three cultivars were the fine germplasm in green group.In red group,M.‘Perfect Purple’,M.‘Purple Gems’,M.‘Thunderchild’,M.‘ Cardinal’ were red and beautiful and had a high level in regularity and stability,this four cultivars were the fine germplasm in red group.