Effect of controlled exercise on middle gluteal muscle fibre composition in Thoroughbred foals |
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Authors: | Eto D Yamano S Kasashima Y Sugiura T Nasu T Tokuriki M Miyata H |
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Affiliation: | Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 321-4 Tokami-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0811, Japan. |
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Abstract: | REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Most racehorses are trained regularly from about age 18 months; therefore, little information is available on the effect of training in Thoroughbred foals. HYPOTHESIS: Well-controlled exercise could improve muscle potential ability for endurance running. METHODS: Thoroughbred foals at age 2 months were separated into control and training (treadmill exercise) groups and samples obtained from the middle gluteal muscle at 2 and 12 months post partum. Muscle fibre compositions were determined by histochemical and electrophoretical techniques and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was analysed in each fibre type. RESULTS: All fibre types were hypertrophied with growth and type I and IIA fibres were significantly larger in the training than the control group at age 12 months. A significant increase of SDH activity was found in type IIX muscle fibres in the training group. CONCLUSIONS: Training in young Thoroughbred horses can facilitate muscle fibre hypertrophy and increase the oxidative capacity of type IIX fibres, which could potentially enhance stamina at high speeds. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: To apply this result to practical training, further studies are needed to determine more effective and safe intensities of controlled exercise. |
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