林木数量性状位点定位的统计方法

本世纪初数量遗传学作为一门独立的学科而产生,以研究实验群体或自然群体的数量性状的遗传变异,它主要研究两个基本问题:(1)总的表型变异中有多少比例属于遗传的影响?(2)有多少遗传因子参与这种遗传变异?如遗传力的概念可以反映遗传因子对表型变异的贡献,它可用亲属间的相关性加以估计.这些参数量已在微生物、动植物中有大量的研究,遗传参数估算对于制定适当的育种计划和理解生物性状的表型进化有重要的作用.

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR MAPPING QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI IN FOREST TREES

The objective of mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) is to search for genes affecting quantitative traits with the aid of genetic linkage maps constructed from molecular markers. As a prerequisite for map-based cloning of important genes in biology, medicine and agriculture, the genetic mapping of QTLs has being brought about a revolutionary change in quantitative genetics. In the past decade, many statistical methods have been developed to estimate the effects of QTLs and locate their positions throughout the genome. Although these methods are based on well-defined pedigrees, such as F2 and backcrosses, initiated with inbred lines, their theoretical framework can be developed to map QTLs in outbred forest trees. In this article, we review the principle of constructing genetic linkage maps and statistical basis for QTL mapping using the maps. Further directions for developing statistical mapping methods in forest trees are discussed.