浙江省荸荠上镰刀菌种类及其致病性

作者从浙江省11个县市采集病、健株及球茎标样共669个,经分离、纯化、鉴定,获以下7个镰刀菌种;尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、锐顶镰刀菌(F.acuminatum)、半裸镰刀菌(F.semitectum)、层出镰刀菌(F.proliferatum)、茄病镰刀菌(F.solani)、禾谷镰刀菌(F.graminearum)和木贼镰刀菌(F.equiseti)。田间观察和接种试验证明:F.oxysporum是引起荸荠茎秆枯萎的主要病原,这是一种新的危险性病害。病株矮小、黄化、基腐、后期倒伏。1986～1990年少数县市发病率达40％～50％。人工接种证明:F.acuminatum也属强致病性的种类。而F.proliferatum和F.solani则是引起贮藏期球茎腐烂的主要病原。其余种类仅具微弱或无致病性。

THE SPECIES AND PATHOGENICITY OF FUSARIUM ON WATER CHESTNUTS

669 samples of diseased and healthy water chestnuts were collected from 11 counties and cities in Zhejiang Province. Seven species of Fusarium were isolated, Fusarium oxysporum, F. acuminatum, F. semitectum, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. graminearum and F. equiseti. Field observations and artificial inoculations showed that water chestnut-wilt was caused mainly by F. oxysporum. This is a new disease on water chestnuts. The symptoms of this disease are stunting,yellowing, basal rot and wilting in the later stage . During 1986 - 1990, 40% -50 % water chestnuts were attacted by this pathogen in some counties in Zhejiang Province. Artificial inoculations indicated that F. acuminatum was highly pathogenic to water chestnuts also. F. proliferatum and F. solani were main pathogens to cause corms rot,while other species had little or non pathogenicity.