高等植物细胞质遗传的研究进展

综述了高等植物细胞质遗传主要物质基础质体和线粒体的遗传研究进展。高等植物细胞质遗传表现为多种形式,包括母系遗传、父系遗传和双亲遗传,母系遗传是细胞质遗传的主要特征,但是不能代表细胞质遗传的全部内容;被子植物的质体多数表现为单亲母系遗传,大多裸子植物的质体则为单亲父系遗传;高等植物线粒体有母系、父系和双亲遗传现象的存在;细胞质遗传的本质是细胞器DNA的传递。被子植物花粉发育中雄性生殖细胞中核外DNA的保存或丢失是质体和线粒体遗传的基础。

A summary on cytoplasmic inheritance of higher plant

Cytoplasmic inheritance is an important research field in genetics,and the molecular biological technologies speed up its development in recent years.The paper summarized cytoplasmic inheritance's research progresses in plastid and mitochondrion of higher plants.Primary views are: Cytoplasmic inheritance of higher plants have multiform mode of inheritance,including maternal inheritance,paternal inheritance and bi-parental inheritance.Maternal inheritance is leading mode of cytoplasmic inheritance,but it cannot show all content.Plastid of most angiosperms is uniparental maternal inheritance,yet a majority of gymnosperm is uniparental paternal inheritance.Higher plants' mitochondrion have maternal inheritance,paternal inheritance and bi-parental inheritance.The essence of cytoplasmic inheritance is transfer of cytoplasmic DNA.Preservation or loss of extranuclear DNA introduced inherited mechanism of plastid and mitochondrion in angiosperms'pollen.