桃雄性不育的表现形式及其败育途径

研究了桃［Ｐｒｕｎｕｓ ｐｅｒｃｉｃａ Ｂａｔｓｃｈ（Ｌ．）］２３个品种花粉发生发育和花粉败育过程中细胞形态学上的变化特征。结果表明：桃雄性不育的主要表现形式为空粒花粉和花药空囊及花粉形似发育正常，但生活力极低。导致空粒花粉产生的主要途径：①花粉母细胞减数分裂不正常；②花粉处于单核晚期至二核早、中期绒毡层细胞发生液化、增生现象。空囊产生的主要途径：①四分体至单核早期绒毡层细胞体积发生明显的增大、液化；②绒毡层细胞在四分体至单核早期发生增生；③造胞细胞或花粉母细胞生长发育不良。

Phenotypes of Male Sterilities and Their Abortion Pathways Among Peach Varieties

The characteristics of cytomorphogenesis of pollens and their abortive developments in 23 Peach Prunus Percica Batsch (L. ) ] varieties were studied. Results showed that the main phenotypes of male sterilities in peach were empty pollen grains, empty anther sacs, and pollens with normal appeal'ances but with very low vitalities. The principal pathways caused empty pollen grains were abnormal meiosis of pollen mother cells; and liquldization and proliferation of tapetum cells from single nucleus late period to binucleus early and middle peri ods. The main pathways of causing empty anther sacs are obvious enlargement and liquidization of tapetum cells from tetrad to slope nucleus early period; proliferation of tapetum cells from tetrad to single nucleus early period; and unhealthy growth and deVelopment of sporogenous cells or pollen mother cells.