对1958-2000年山西沙尘天气的分析

本文分析了山西省1958—2000年16个气象监测站记录的沙尘天气资料,分析表明:山西沙尘天气主要发生在西北地区,沙尘暴、扬沙和浮尘发生频率的最大值分别为:5.3天/年、27.6天/年和23.8天/年。近43年山西省沙尘天气呈减少趋势,1966年是山西沙尘天气最多的一年,16个站累计有94天沙尘暴天气、448天扬沙天气、626天浮尘天气。春季为沙尘天气的频发期,沙尘暴占到77.6%,扬沙占到61.5%,浮尘占到59.5%;4月是沙尘天气发生最多的月份,沙尘暴占到44%,扬沙占到26.6%,浮尘占到25.4%。对沙尘暴的分析还发现,在1958-2000只有五寨记录到4次特强沙尘暴,强沙尘暴也呈减少的趋势,1966年最多,1989-2000年没有强沙尘暴出现的记录。沙尘暴大多发生在13点至20点之间,占沙尘暴发生总次数的69.1%。

The Analysis on the Dust Weather in Shanxi Province During 1958-2000

The dust weather data of 16 stations in Shanxi Province for the period of 1958-2000 have been analyzed.It was shown that the most of dust weather in Shanxi Province occurred in the Northwest,and with the highest frequency of the dust storm 5.3 days /annual,the blowing sand 27.6 days/Y and the floating dust 23.8 days/Y,respectively.The dust weather decreased in whole during the 43 years in Shanxi Province,and 1966 was the most frequent dust weather year,and in this year there were totally 94 days with dust storm,448 days with sand blowing,and 626 days with floating dust in the 16 stations.The spring was the most frequent dust weather season,and 77.6% of dust storm,61.5% of sand blowing and 59.5% of floating dust occurred in spring.The April was the most frequent dust weather month,and 44% of dust storm,26.6% of sand blowing and 25.4% of floating dust occurred in April.The detailed analysis of the dust storm data showed that only 4 extra-strong dust storms was recorded during 1958-2000,which was recorded at Wuzhai.The strong dust storm also decreased,and 1966 was the year with the most frequent strong dust storm,and there was no record of strong dust storm during 1989-2000.The 69.1% of dust storm started during the period of 13:00 to 20:00.