山葡萄‘双红’、‘双优’在戈壁滩上栽培的表现

报道我国西部栽培的‘双红’和‘双优’两个山葡萄品种不埋土能正常越冬，调查、测定和分析这两个山葡萄品种在冬季寒冷、冬春又极干旱的西部戈壁滩上栽培的生产表现。两个山葡萄品种根系耐低温能力比欧亚种酿酒葡萄品种强，枝条保水能力更强，因此，在干旱荒漠的戈壁石砾地上不埋土能安全越冬和抗御春日多风和干旱。一年生枝条长势好，花芽能正常形成，但在开花季节花序干枯和脱落现象严重。‘双红’、‘双优’山葡萄表现生产性能差、果穗少、果穗小、穗重轻、果粒小，故产量低，仅为原产地的1／3，但其品质好，可溶性固形物高出3．9～4．6个百分点。为使‘双红’、‘双优’在河西戈壁滩上栽培，既不埋土又有较高的产量，提出一些解决措施。

Cultivation Traits of Shuanghong and Shuangyou Cultivars of Vitis amurensis Rupr on Gobi in China's West Region

In this research, two cultivars of Vitis amurensis Rupr, Shuanghong and Shuangyou which can live through the winter without being buried in China＇s west Gobi region were found. It has been investigated and analyzed that the production characteristics of these two cultivars under the extremely cold and arid conditions in winter and in winterspring respectively. The more powerful capabilities of root＇s resisting low temperature and branch＇s preserving water than European-Asian brewing cultivars ensure that two cultivars can live through the winter. In our survey, it has been observed that the one-year-old branch＇s growth vigor was good and the flower bud could be formed normally, but the inflorescence＇ s withering and dropping were severe during blossom period. For little and less number of fruit grain and bunch, the production of these two cultivars in China＇s west is very low and it only reaches one third of the origination area plants, but the qualities were better because of high level of soluble solid concentration, 3.9- 4.6 percents higher than the origination area plants according to our findings. In this report, suggestions cultivation method that the plants live through the winter without of some useful measures for higher production under the being buried in the China＇s west Gobi area are given.