施氮水平与方式对黑麦草生物学特性和硝酸盐含量的影响

禾本科牧草的产量、品质和硝酸盐含量等性状与施氮量密切相关。本试验在大田种植情况下,研究6个施氮水平和4种施肥方式对黑麦草的农艺性状、产量、品质和氮素生产效率的影响,以及相关性状与施氮量的相关性。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,黑麦草的分蘖数、株高、产量、粗蛋白和氨基酸含量能显著提高,黑麦草的硝态氮含量也随之提高,但随着施氮量的继续增加,氮肥对黑麦草农艺性状、产量和品质的作用增幅变小,氮素生产效率降低。当每次刈割后施纯氮肥量超过100 kg/hm2时,施氮肥能较好促进黑麦草粗蛋白含量提高,而不能有效促进氨基酸含量的提高;当每次刈割后施纯氮肥量达250 kg/hm2时,黑麦草的株高和产量还表现出降低的趋势;当每次刈割后施纯氮肥量超过150 kg/hm2时,黑麦草的硝态氮含量明显提高,部分刈割期黑麦草的硝酸盐含量还超过0.25%的致毒标准。黑麦草的分蘖数、株高、产量、粗蛋白含量、氨基酸含量和硝态氮含量6个测定指标相互间均呈正相关,产量与施氮量只有在撒施情况下呈显著相关,粗蛋白和氨基酸含量与施氮量多数呈显著或极显著相关,硝酸盐含量与施氮量呈极显著相关。深施对黑麦草的分蘖数和株高产生影响,但促进黑麦草产量、粗蛋白含量和氨基酸含量的提高。

Effects of different N application methods and levels on the biological characteristics and nitrate content of ryegrass

Agronomic traits such as yield,quality and nitrate content of gramineous forages are closely related to nitrogen level.Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of six urea application levels and four application methods on the agronomic traits,yield,quality,and nitrogen producing efficiency of ryegrass.Correlations among yield,crude protein content,amino acid content,N application amount and many agronomic traits were also investigated.Tiller number,plant height,yield,crude protein content,amin...