玉米酒精糟和复合酶对生长育肥猪血液生化指标和肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在探讨生长育肥猪饲粮中添加一定量的玉米酒精糟(DDGS)和复合酶对生长育肥猪血液生化指标和肠道健康的影响。150头70日龄杜×长×大三元杂交商品猪,根据体重和性别随机分成3个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复10头猪,进行两阶段饲养。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮,试验1组和2组在生长期和育肥期饲料中分别以10%和15%的玉米DDGS替代部分玉米和豆粕,试验2组添加200 g/T的复合酶。于试验开始后的第24,48,70和90天,每栏随机选取一头猪,直肠无菌采集粪样以检测其中的乳酸菌和大肠杆菌的数量。试验结束时,每栏随机选取一头猪进行屠宰,采集血液和组织样品,进行血液生化指标的测定和小肠形态的观察。结果显示,添加玉米DDGS和复合酶对肝、脾指数和血液AKP、γ-GT、GOT和GPT水平没有显著影响(P>0.05);试验组猪的十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比值大于对照组,且试验2组在育肥期达到显著水平(P<0.05)。试验2组育肥期粪样中乳酸菌数量较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),试验1组生长期粪样中大肠杆菌数量则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。因此,本研究中玉米DDGS的添加量不仅没有对生长育肥猪的肠道形态和肝脏等器官产生明显的毒害作用,而且结合复合酶的使用有利于提高十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比值,一定程度上促进了生长育肥猪后肠中乳酸菌的生长,抑制了大肠杆菌的生长,有助于维持肠道健康。

Effects of corn DDGS and compound enzyme preparations on the blood biochemical indicator and gut health in growing-finishing pigs

To investigate the effect of corn DDGS and compound enzyme preparations on blood biochemical indicator and gut health in growing-finishing pigs,150 pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) at the age of 70 days were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments on the basis of body weight and gender.Control diets were a basic corn-soybean meal diet.Treatments 1 and 2 were corn-soybean meal-DDGS diets with 10% corn DDGS in growing phase and 15% in finishing phase,respectively.In addition,0.2 g/kg compound enzymes were also added into the diets of treatment 2(T2).On the day 24,48,70 and 90,one pig from every replication was selected and faces were collected for plate counting of the number of lactic acid bacteria(LAB) and E.coli.At the end of feeding trial,one pig per pen was randomly chosen to slaughter,blood samples for plasma preparation were collected to detect the activity of GPT,GOT,AKP and γ-GT,duodenal and ileal tissues for morphologic observation were sampled to evaluate the villi height,crypt depth and ratio of villi height and crypt depth.The result showed that DDGS and compound enzymes had no significant effects on the liver and spleen index,the activity of AKP,γ-GT,GOT and GPT in plasma of all treatment groups(P>0.05).The ratio of villi height and crypt depth in duodenum and ileum of treatment groups were higherthan that in control group,and got significant levels in T2(P<0.05).The number of LAB in T2 was significantly increased(P<0.05),the number of E.coli in T1 was significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,in this feeding trial corn DDGS had no remarkable toxic effects on the intestinal morphology and liver function.To combine the use of compound enzymes,corn DDGS significantly increased the ratio of villi height and crypt depth,increased the number of LAB and significantly reduced the number of E coli,which may consequently play a positive role on maintain gut health.