基于SSR标记的海南栽培槟榔遗传多样性分析

槟榔是海南重要的热带特色经济作物,具有很高的药用价值,被列为"四大南药"之首.但其基础研究落后,缺乏对种质资源的系统研究,遗传多样性尚不明确.利用SSR分子标记技术对海南岛58份栽培槟榔资源进行遗传多样性分析,旨在明确槟榔栽培种的亲缘关系,为槟榔杂交育种、功能基因的挖掘提供理论依据.结果表明:从500对SSR引物中筛选...

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Areca catechu Varieties from Hainan Based on SSR Markers

Arecanut (Areca catechu L.) is an important tropical economic and social importance plant in Hainan Province. It has high medicinal value and is listed as the first of the four south China medicinal plants. Areca is mostly planted in underdeveloped areas, and the basic research is weak. The germplasm diversity of areca from Hainan remains unclear due to lack of systemic research of germplasm. We analyzed the genetic diversity among 58 arecanut accessions from Hainan by SSR molecular marker technology to clarify the genetic relationship and provide a theoretical basis for the hybrid breeding and functional gene mining. The results showed that 32 primers with high polymorphism and clear bands were screened out from 500 SSR primers. A total of 79 alleles were detected from the 58 arecanut germplasm resources, and there were 2-5 loci per SSR, with an average of 2.4688 alleles at each marker, and the number of effective allele was accounted for 58.92% of the observed one. The range of PIC was 0.0169-0.5969, with an average of 0.2254. The Shannon index (I) of all primers ranged from 0.0496 to 1.2552, with an average of 0.4496. Nei’s genetic diversity index (Nei) was ranged from 0.0171 to 0.6492, with an average of 0.2596. The genetic diversity of alleles detected by SSR primers was low. UPGMA Cluster analysis showed that the genetic diversity of group V was the richest. Genetic analysis showed that the 58 arecanut were separated from the effect of regional isolation. The conclusion of frequent exchanges among different regions of arecanut in Hainan and lower genetic diversity in Hainan cultivars would provide theoretical guidance for the selection of parents in the genetic breeding of arecanut, while reference for collecting germplasm to supplement different resources in the future.