补充营养对草地贪夜蛾成虫存活和繁殖的影响

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda（Smith）是一种远距离迁飞害虫，其成虫生存期间会取食，但是取食获得的水和糖在其交配繁殖中的作用目前并不清楚。本研究利用卵巢解剖法和行为观察法，详细研究了成虫喂食对草地贪夜蛾存活、卵巢发育和繁殖的影响。发现饥饿不喂食草地贪夜蛾成蛾存活时间短（约3 d），卵巢发育不成熟（低于2级）、交配率低（22.00%）、几乎不产卵（5.8枚），卵几乎不孵化（3.0%）。喂食纯水或蜂蜜水成蛾存活时间长（6~8 d），雌蛾卵巢发育成熟（3.4~3.6级）、交配率高（61.1%~66.7%）、产卵量大（436~1281枚）、卵孵化率高（大于95%），均显著大于不喂食成蛾。喂食对交配雌蛾的交配次数（1.1~1.7次）和未发育成熟雌蛾的交配率（18.2%~22.9%）无显著影响。喂食蜂蜜水雌蛾的存活时间（8.06 d）和产卵量（1281枚）显著大于喂食纯水（分别为6.57d和436枚），而雄蛾存活时间、雌蛾卵巢发育等级、交配率、卵孵化率在喂食纯水和蜂蜜水之间无显著差异。本研究结果认为水是草地贪夜蛾成蛾存活和繁殖必须补充的物质，糖仅能增加雌蛾的产卵量。仅仅利用花香气味进行草地贪夜蛾的监测和防控，效果可能不理想。这些结果为草地贪夜蛾的精准监测和有效防控提供理论依据。

Effects of Supplemental Nutrition on the Survival and Reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)

Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) is a long-distance migratory pest and feeds during the adult stage. However, the role of adult feeding of water and sugar in mating and reproduction is not clear. In this study, the effects of adult feeding on the survival, ovarian development, and reproduction of S. frugiperda were investigated by means of ovarian anatomy and behavioral observation. It was found that, without feeding, the moths had a short survival (about 3 days), immature ovaries (below grade 2), low mating rate (22.00%), very few oviposition (5.8 eggs), and nearly no hatched eggs (3.0%). However, the moths fed with water and sugar had longer survival (6—8 days), more mature ovaries (3.4—3.6 grades), higher mating rate (61.1%—66.7%), larger number of oviposition (436—1281 eggs), and higher rate of hatched eggs (more than 95%). Feeding had no significant effect on the mating number of mated females (1.1—1.7 times) and the mating rate of immature females (18.2%—22.9%). The longevity (8.06 days) and fecundity (1281 eggs) of female moths fed with sugar solution were significantly higher than those fed with pure water (6.57 days and 436 eggs, respectively), while there were no significant differences in survival time of male moths, ovarian development grade, mating rate and egg hatching rate between the two groups. Our results show that water is the necessary supplement for the survival and reproduction of S. frugiperda, and sugar only increases the fecundity of female moth. These results provide a basis for the accurate monitoring and effective control of S. frugiperda.