纳米助剂对防治西花蓟马五种植物源农药的增效作用

为有效控制有机基地芹菜上的西花蓟马，本研究在防治西花蓟马的植物源农药中加入一定比例的纳米助剂，以期达到提高植物源农药增效减量的目的。研究结果表明：在五种供试的植物源农药（5%扑利旺、0.3%印楝素、1.5%除虫菊素、0.6%苦参碱、2.5%鱼藤酮）中，0.6%苦参碱是防治西花蓟马的理想药剂，施药后3 d和7 d防治效果为75.58%和66.83%；与纳米助剂按照1：1混合施药后，五种植物源农药的防效均提高10%～20%。0.6%苦参碱增效最为显著，施药后3和7 d防治效果为85.71%和78.05%；若将防治效果达到75%为限值，添加纳米助剂后，0.6%苦参碱的持效期由3 d延长到10 d，延长了农药的喷施间隔期，减少了使用量。

Synergism of Nano Additives to Five Botanical Pesticides against Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis

In order to effectively control the occurrence of western flower thrips on celery in the Beijing suburban base, the study adopted five botanical pesticides (5% d-limonene, 0.3% azadirachtin, 1.5% pyrethrin, 0.6% matrine, 2.5% rotenone) and nano additives. A certain proportion of nano additives were added to botanical pesticides for controlling thrips, in order to achieve the purpose of improving the prevention effect of botanical pesticides, prolonging the duration of botanical pesticides and reducing the use of botanical pesticides. The results showed that:among the five botanical pesticides, 0.6% matrine was the ideal pesticide to control western flower thrips. The field control effects were 75.58% and 66.83% respectively after being treated with matrine for 3 d and 7 d; After mixing with nano-additives in an 1:1 ration, the control effect of all the five botanical pesticides had increased by 10% to 20%. 0.6% matrine has a significant synergism which controlling effect on thrips is 85.71% and 78.05%, respectively after being treated for 3 d and 7 d. If we consider the control effect to reach 75% as the limit, the duration of the 0.6% matrine was extended from 3 d to 10 d after adding nano additives, which extended the interval between pesticide spraying and reduced the use of botanical pesticides.