森林核污染问题研究

由核电站事故引发的森林核污染问题给当地的生存环境和林业发展带来了巨大的影响。如何有效地解决由森林核污染引发的问题成为当今环境保护和林业工作者需要面对的重要课题。文中以日本福岛县森林核污染问题为例，从放射性物质对福岛县森林及林产业的影响、日本政府针对福岛县森林核污染问题的举措以及森林核污染面临的诸多问题3个方面综述森林核污染问题的现状，并提出研究展望。研究表明，森林核污染面临着核污染问题长期化、除染工作局限性强、核污染物处理难等问题。有必要在政府的主导下，建立长期的监测调查体制，设定风险管理标准，再结合现地调查结果，开发森林核污染预测模型，结合模型预测结果制定下一步的森林核污染应对措施和方案。同时，应尽快建立核污染物处理机制以及在确保作业人员健康安全的情况下开展森林除染工作。

Nuclear Contamination of Forest: A Case of Forest in Fukushima,Japan

Nuclear pollution caused by nuclear power plant accident has great influence on local living environment and forest development. How to effectively solve the problems has become an important subject for environmental scientists and forest experts. This paper takes the forest pollution by nuclear in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, as an example, to summarize the current situation of the forest pollution problem from three aspects of radioactive substances' impact on the forest and forestry industry in Fukushima Prefecture, the measures taken by the Japanese government to solve the problem and the numerous problems caused by the forest pollution problem. The study shows that the nuclear pollution of forests lead to the problems like the permanent existence, the large limitation of contamination elimination and the difficulty in nuclear pollutants disposal. Hence, it is necessary to establish a long-term monitoring and investigation system under the leadership of the government, set up risk management standards, and develop the prediction model of forests’ nuclear pollution based on the results of on-site investigation. A nuclear contaminant disposal mechanism should be established as soon as possible to ensure the health and safety of workers while eliminating forest contamination.