森林火灾流域侵蚀泥沙来源指纹技术研究进展

指纹识别技术是量化流域侵蚀泥沙来源的有效手段,如何应用于火烧流域,仍有一些问题值得探讨。通过回顾相关文献,总结森林火灾通过植被、土壤和灰烬加剧土壤侵蚀的机制,介绍应用指纹技术研究火烧流域泥沙来源的案例,重点分析放射性核素、矿物磁性、物理性质、地球化学元素和有机组分等指纹因子在火烧迹地的含量和性质变化,论述各类指纹因子在火烧流域泥沙来源研究中的适用性,并提出未来应重点关注指纹技术的物理基础、火灾后土壤性质的时空变化规律、指纹因子稳定性验证、燃烧灰烬的影响以及大粒径泥沙的识别等问题。为促进火烧迹地指纹识别技术的研究、理解森林火灾对于流域产沙格局的影响、提升火灾流域水土保持和生态修复的有效性提供理论依据。

Advances on Fingerprinting Technology of Sediment Source in Burned Watershed

The fingerprinting technology is an effective method to quantify sediment sources in watershed. How to apply it to burned areas is still worth discussing. Based on the review of relevant literature, the mechanisms of forest fire aggravating soil erosion through vegetation, soil and ash was summarized. This paper introduced the case of applying fingerprinting technology to study the source of sediment in the fire basin. The content and property variations of fingerprint factors such as fallout radionuclides, mineral magnetics, physical indexes, geochemical elements and organic compounds in the burned area were analyzed emphatically. The applicability of various fingerprinting tracers in the study of sediment sources in burned areas was discussed. Additionally, some key investigation directions were provided, including the physical basis of fingerprinting technique, the spatio-temporal variation of burned soil properties, the stability verification of fingerprint tracers, the impact of burning ash, and the identification of large sediment particles. This review paper could provide a theoretical basis for promoting the research of the fingerprinting technique in burned areas, understanding the impact of forest fire on sediment yield patterns, and improving the effectiveness of water and soil conservation and ecological restoration in burned watershed.