土壤腐殖质组型:土壤生物学和生态学研究的新视角

腐殖质组型是指受有机物质强烈影响的表层土壤，对应于有机层及其下伏的有机－矿物层的土壤剖面表层序列，受到气候、地质和水文条件的控制并形成于植被与土壤的相互作用。腐殖质组型处于生态系统的中心部位，是生态系统发展演替的策略选择。研究腐殖质组型，对粮食生产、土壤管理和环境监测等具有重要意义。本文在对腐殖质组型及其影响因素以及腐殖质组型分类系统分析的基础上，梳理了腐殖质组型在生态系统结构和功能上的指示作用，并提出研究展望。这将为我国土壤生物学和生态学的深入研究提供一个新视角。

Humus Forms: a New Perspective on Soil Biology and Ecology Research

Humus form refers to the surface soil strongly influenced by organic matter, which corresponds to organic layer and its underlying organic-mineral layer in the soil profile surface sequence. It is controlled by climatic, geological and hydrological conditions and formed in the interaction of vegetation and soil. The humus form is at the central of the ecosystem, which is the strategic choice of ecosystem development and succession. The study of humus forms is of great significance for food production, soil management and environmental monitoring. Based on the analysis of humus forms and its influencing factors and classification system, this review summarized the indicative role of humus form in the structure and function of ecosystem, and put forward the research prospect. This review will provide a new perspective for the in-depth study of soil biology and ecology in China.