槟榔/香草兰间作促进植株氮养分转化与利用

以槟榔与香草兰间作系统为研究对象,探讨氮素养分利用规律。采用盆栽模拟试验,以‘热引3号’香草兰和‘热研1号’槟榔为试验材料,研究槟榔单作、香草兰单作和槟榔间作香草兰3种种植模式,在纯氮112.5、225、300 kg/hm²和不施氮肥4个氮肥处理条件下,对植株生物量、氮素吸收和利用、土壤全氮含量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,随着氮肥施用量的增加,不同种植模式下各施氮处理的植株鲜和干生物量差异显著（P<0.05）,间作模式的植株鲜和干生物量最高,分别比对照增加61.3%、34.9%、43.1%和47.2%、62.7%、33.8%;间作模式的植株全氮含量比单作植株的高0.43~2.63 mg/g;间作模式显著增加了植株的吸氮量,分别比对照增加了40.44、47.79和53.92 kg/hm²;间作模式还显著增加植株的氮吸收效率、氮利用效率和氮肥利用率,但对土壤全氮含量影响不明显。

Nitrogen Transformation and Utilization were Promoted in Intercropping System of Areca and Vanilla

The areca and vanilla intercropping system was used to explore the regular pattern of nitrogen nutrients utilization. ‘Reyin No.3’ Vanilla and ‘Reyin No.1’ Areca which were cultivated in the potted simulation experiments and three planting modes including areca monocropping, vanilla monocropping and areca intercropping with vanilla were used to study the effects of pure nitrogen content of 112.5 kg/hm², 225 kg/hm², 300 kg/hm² and no nitrogen fertilizer treatments on plant biomass, nitrogen absorption and utilization, total soil nitrogen content and nitrogen use efficiency. With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application, the fresh and dry biomass of the plants in different nitrogen treatments under different planting modes were significantly different (P<0.05). The fresh and dry biomass of the plants under the intercropping mode were highest and increasing by 61.3%, 34.9%, 43.1% and 47.2%, 62.7%, 33.8% respectively compared to the control. The total nitrogen content of plants under the intercropping mode was 0.43-2.63 mg/g higher than that of plants under the monocropping. The intercropping mode could significantly increase the nitrogen uptake of the plants, and increased by 40.44 kg/hm², 47.79 kg/hm²and 53.92 kg/hm² respectively compared to the control. The intercropping mode also could significantly increase the plant biomass, total nitrogen content, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen absorption efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen utilization efficiency, but had no obvious effect on soil total nitrogen content.