山地枣树涌泉根灌适宜布置方式研究

以5年生梨枣树为试验树种,设置了4个处理(T1~T4),即每株枣树分别安装1、2、3、4个灌水器的布置方式,在灌水器流量4 L/h、埋深35 cm,单株枣树单次灌水量80 L情况下,对山地枣树涌泉根灌适宜布置方式进行了试验研究。结果表明,T2在灌水后土壤湿润体与枣树主要吸收根匹配最好,0~80 cm土层范围水分保持也较好;各处理枣树的枣吊长度、叶面积在停止生长后有一定的差异,枣吊平均长度顺序为T2T3T1T4,叶面积大小顺序为T2=T3T4T1;T2枣树在生理落果以后挂果最多,达到平均每株215个,比T1、T3、T4分别高57%、14%和32%;在一个灌水周期的末期,各处理叶水势处于-1.0~-1.4 MPa之间,叶水势大小顺序为T2T4T3T1。综合分析表明,每株枣树安装2个灌水器对枣树生长、生理最有利,是一种适宜的布置方式。

Appropriate Surge Spring Root Irrigation Layout of Jujube on Mountain Land

The field experiments about surge spring root irrigation layout of jujube were conducted ,the experimental trees were five-years old pear-jujube,the irrigation implements flow was 4 L/h、depth was 35 cm,irrigation norm was 80 L per tree,four treatments were included (T_1～T_4),1 ,2 ,3,and 4 irrigation implements per tree,respectively.The results showed: the soil wetting front of T_2 matched well with jujube roots,0～80 cm soil water content of T_2 keeping at a higher level.New branch length and leaves area of the four treatment jujubes were different after stop growing,the new branch length was ordered in T_2>T_3>T_1>T_4,leaves area was T_2=T_3>T_4>T_1.After physiological fruit abscission ,the fruits quantity of T_2 was 215 per tree,which was 57%,14% and 32% higher than T_1,T_3 and T_4,respectively; at the end of one irrigation cycle,the pre-dawn leaf potential(pdΨ_w) was between -1.0～ -1.4 MPa,pdΨ_w was ordered in T_2>T_4>T_3>T_1.In conclusion,the layout of 2 irrigation implements per tree was best to jujube growth,was a suitable surge spring root irrigation layout.