共生固氮在农牧业上的作用及影响因素研究进展

共生固N是生物固N的主体部分,具有固N效率高、应用范围广等特点。叙述了主要豆科作物年固N量及固N量占豆科作物本身所吸收N的比例,阐述了豆科作物在与非豆科作物间套轮作中固定N素的转移及对非豆科作物的影响,并介绍了影响豆科作物-根瘤菌共生体共生固N效率的主要因素。开展豆科作物-根瘤菌共生体系方面的研究对农业可持续发展具有重要意义。

Review on studies on the important role of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in agricu lture and livestock production and the factors affecting its efficiency

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the main part of BNF (biological nitrogen fixation) characterized by high efficiency and adopted in a wide range, and is of significant practicality as well. The amount of N_2 fixed by different legume crops from the atmosphere, the proportion of plant N derived from the N_2 fixation are introduced in this paper. And the N transferring from the legume to non-legume crops when they are intercropped, rotated or mixed with legume are discussed. At the same time, the main factors affecting the efficiency of symbiont between legume and Rhizobium are presented. The challenges that China is faced with are the increase of population, the decrease of land, resource decline and environmental deteriorate. To meet these challenges it is an effective way for sustainable agriculture to expand the research of symbiont between legume and Rhizobium.