山东省环渤海地区农业面源污染防治对策研究

渤海海域污染日益严重。监测结果显示,无机氮和活性磷酸盐是主要污染因子,农业生产和农村生活产生的面源污染是污染因子的重要来源之一,是造成渤海污染的重要因素。分析了山东省环渤海地区农业生产和农村发展现状,面源污染的产生主要是由种植业化肥、农药的使用量大、利用率低,畜禽养殖业规模发展快,缺乏粪污处理设施,大量排放未经处理的粪污、农村生活垃圾和生活污水收集处理率低、随意排放等原因造成的。结合社会主义新农村建设,提出了开展清洁种植工程、清洁养殖工程和乡村清洁工程建设等对策措施,从源头上控制和减轻农业面源污染对渤海海域水环境质量的影响。

Research on the Prevention and Cure Countermeasure of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution around Bohai Region in Shandong

The pollution in Bohai Sea Area is severe.The research results showed the main pollutants were inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate.Large numbers of the pollutants from agricultural non-point source pollution and daily garbage had become one of the important reasons of Bohai Sea Area pollution.Agricultural non-point source pollution factors causing the deterioration of water environmental quality of the around Bohai region in Shandong province were analyzed,and those primary factors were chemical fertilizer,pesticide,dejecta and sewage from livestock and fowl breed,garbage and sewage in the daily life.Finally,the prevention and cure countermeasures of agricultural non-point source pollution around Bohai Region in Shandong province were put forward and those mainly included cleaner planting,cleaner breeding and cleaner countryside environment,by which we can control and decrease the pollution to Bohai.