干旱条件下玉米叶面积变化及地上干物质积累与分配的研究

在干旱地区自然降水条件下,对4个大面积推广的玉米杂交种进行不同干旱处理,测定其叶面积及干物质积累与分配的变化。结果表明,拔节到灌浆初期是干旱影响玉米叶片生长及叶片功能发挥的重要时期;干旱影响玉米大喇叭口期至乳熟期的干物质积累,使玉米最大干物质积累时期推迟到开花期至乳熟期;苞叶和茎鞘中的干物质向籽粒的转运率较高,茎鞘中积累的干物质对玉米籽粒的贡献率最高。干旱条件下,玉米在大喇叭口期至乳熟期具有较大的叶面积、较强的光合能力和较长的光合功能期,对乳熟期获取较大的生物产量和提高籽粒产量都有很大的作用,玉米的耐旱性相应增强。

Studies on leaf area change and above-ground dry material accumulation and distribution of maize in different droughts

The changes of leaf area and dry matter accumulation and distribution were studied on four maize ( Zea mays L.) hybrids in different drought treatments under field condition in dry area.The results showed that the leaf growth and photosynthesis were largely influenced by drought from shooting to filling,that the drought had effect on above ground dry material accumulation and put off the maximum dry matter accumution period to filling,and that the rate of dry matter on maize bract and stem sheath transported to seed was the highest,and dry matter on maize stem sheath contributed to seed mostly.So,maize with bigger leaf area,stronger photosynthesis,and longer photosynthesis time from shooting to filling in drought had important influence on bigger biomass in milking and grain weight,which had stronger drought tolerance.