温光型雄不育小麦C49S育性与花药SOD活性的关系

】温光型雄不育小麦Ｃ４９Ｓ不育和可育花药ＳＯＤ活性随发育进程而下降，后期稍有升高，不育花药ＳＯＤ活性比可育花药下降更为剧烈，特别是在减数分裂到小孢子时期，不育花药ＳＯＤ活性下降百分率是可育花药的４．３５倍。减数分裂期不育花药的ＳＯＤ活性高于可育花药，但３核期低于可育花药。此外，不育花药发育早期ＭＤＡ含量高于可育花药，表明不育花药的膜脂过氧化更为剧烈。Ｃ４９Ｓ花药败育与花药中ＳＯＤ活性的急剧下降以及膜脂过氧化的加剧有关。而且，ＳＯＤ活性下降最剧烈的减数分裂期就是花粉败育的关键时期

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FERTILITY AND ACTIVITIES OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) IN ANTHERS OF CHONGQING THERMO PHOTO SENSITIVE MALE STERILE WHEAT C49S (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

C49S, a thermo photo sensitive male sterile wheat, was sown on different dates. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in fertile anthers and abortive anthers of C49S were measured respectively at the time of meiosis and microspore and early monokaryophase and late monokaryophase and dikaryophase and trikaryophase. The results have shown that the SOD activities of fertile anthers and abortive anthers both decreased generally in early period of microsporogenesis, and had a little increase in dikaryophase and trikaryophase. The decreasing ranges of SOD activities of abortive anthers were generally wider than that of fertile anthers, especially at the time of meiosis. The decreasing percentage of the former was 4.35 times of the latter. At the time of meiosis, the SOD activities of abortive anthers was more than that of fertile anthers, but at the time of dikaryophase and trikaryophase, the former was less than the latter. Furthermore, the MDA content of abortive anthers was higher than that of fertile anthers in the early period of microsporogenesis. It was suggested that the microspore abortion of Chongqing thermo photo sensitive male sterile wheat C49S was associated with the loss of SOD activities and the superoxidation of membrane lipids. And it was also suggested that the period of meiosis, during which the SOD activties lost most rapidly, was the key period of microspore abortion.