姊妹系间杂交快速培育优良食味半糯粳稻新品种的育种效果

[目的]优良食味半糯粳稻由于食味品质优良,在长三角地区受到广大农户和消费者的青睐,已成为该地区优质稻米品牌打造的主力品种.为了加快新品种培育速度,我们尝试通过生育期不同的优良食味半糯粳稻姊妹系间杂交的方法培育半糯粳稻新品种.[方法]以来源于武香粳14/关东194的中熟晚粳稻南粳46(全生育期165～170 d)与迟熟中...

Rapid Breeding of New Semi-glutinous japonica Rice Varieties with Good Eating Quality by Crossing Between Sister Lines

【Objective】 In recent years, semi-glutinous japonica rice with good taste is favored by farmers and consumers in the Yangtze River Delta region due to its good taste quality, and has become the main varieties for high-quality rice brand building in this region. In order to speed up the breeding of new varieties, we tried to breed new varieties of semi- glutinous japonica rice with good taste by crossing between sister lines of semi-glutinous japonica rice with different growth durations. 【Method】 By the reciprocal crossing between the mid-maturing late japonica rice Nanjing 46 (whole growth duration 165-170 d) and the late-maturing medium japonica rice Nanjing 9108 (whole growth duration 150-155 d) derived from the progeny of Wuxiangjing 14 / Kanto 194, 38 new semi-glutinous lines with different growth periods (whole growth period 140-170 d) were obtained in F₆ generation through individual plant selection of F₂ and superior line selection of F₃-F₅. Taking parents Nanjing 46 and Nanjing 9108 as control, 38 new lines were compared for several years, and their resistance to rice blast, agronomic traits, yield and their components, starch physicochemical indexes, RVA spectrum characteristic values and eating quality were analyzed. 【Result】 Most of the new lines have better agronomic characters than their parents, and most of them showed good eating quality, stable agronomic traits, excellent comprehensive characters and high yield. Among them, Nanjing 9036, Nanjing 9308 and Nanjing 66 achieved the variety approval in Jiangsu Province, and five new lines are in the middle of the regional trails in Jiangsu Province. 【Conclusion】 New varieties of semi-glutinous japonica rice with good eating quality and comprehensive characters can be rapidly bred by crossing between sister lines of semi-glutinous japonica rice falling into different ecological types.