我国天然橡胶技术发展现状与展望

天然橡胶产业是我国热带地区农业支柱产业,其产品是重要的工业原料和战略资源。我国目前已形成一套独具特色的热带北缘生产技术体系,培育出一批适合我国植胶环境的新品种。随着我国国民经济的快速发展,国内天然橡胶生产发展落后于需求增长,而海外不确定因素加深,“走出去”发展难度大,保障供给安全上存在隐患。近年胶价持续低迷,产业严重依赖手工作业,机械化智能化程度低,比较效益也在不断下滑。此外,产品合格不合用问题突出,高性能胶基本依赖进口,严重威胁国家安全。根据我国天然橡胶产业技术现状,分析了天然橡胶产业存在的问题,展望未来天然橡胶技术发展的主要方向和重点内容。

Development and Prospects of Natural Rubber Technology in China

The natural rubber industry is the pillar agriculture in tropical areas of China,and the products are important industrial raw materials and strategic resources.At present,China has formed a set of unique technology system in the northern region of the tropics,and has cultivated a batch of new varieties suitable for the rubber planting environment.With the rapid development of China’s national economy,the development of domestic natural rubber production lags behind the growth of demand.The uncertainty factors of overseas deepen and going out for development becomes more and more difficult,so there are potential dangers in the security of supply.In recent years,the rubber price remains low,rubber industry relies heavily on manual operation,the degree of mechanization and intelligence is low,and the comparative benefit is declining.In addition,the problem of qualified products that are not suitable for use is prominent,and high-performance natural rubber basically depends on import,which seriously threatens the national security.Based on the current situation,this paper analyzed the existing problems and forecasted the orientation and the key elements in natural rubber technology.