不同栽培方式对棉花生长发育及产量的影响

分析不同栽培方式下棉花生长发育进程和产量,结果表明:不同栽培方式对棉花的生育进程有较大的影响,地膜覆盖植棉易早熟早发,有效地延长开花结铃期;而棉花的总铃数、子棉产量、株高、果枝数、果节数均为地膜覆盖营养钵育苗移栽>地膜覆盖直播>基质育苗裸根移栽>板地直播,地膜植棉长势旺,结铃多。其中地膜覆盖营养钵育苗移栽的单铃重、衣分、子棉产量均最高,分别为5.12 g、42.8%、5211.6 kg/hm2,是获得棉花高产、高效的栽培方式,适合在长江流域棉区推广应用。

Effects of Different Planting Modes on Growth, Development and Yield of Cotton

This paper analyzed the effects of different planting modes on the growth,development and yield of cotton.The results showed that different planting modes had great influence on the growth progress of cotton,the plastic mulching cultivation mode could easily make cotton plants premature,and effectively prolong the flower-boll period.The number of total boll,seed cotton yield,plant height,fruit spur number and fruit node number of cotton cultivated by different modes all had the following performance: the mode of transplanting the seedlings in the nutritive bowl with plastic mulching> the mode of direct seeding with plastic mulching> the mode of transplanting the bare-root seedlings in the substrate> the mode of direct seeding with open space.The cotton cultivated by the mode of plastic mulching had vigorous growth and more bolls.Among all the planting modes,the mode of transplanting the seedlings in the nutritive bowl with plastic mulching could obtain the highest single-ball weight,lint percentage and seed cotton yield,they were 5.12 g,42.8% and 5211.6 kg/hm2,respectively,this mode was a high-yielding and high-efficient planting mode for cotton,and it could be extended and applied in the cotton area of Yangtze valley.