影响油桃叶片产生胚性愈伤组织的因素

以早熟油桃华光和曙光为试材,对影响早熟油桃叶片产生胚性愈伤的基本培养基、外源激素、碳源、环境(光照强度,温度,暗培养时间)等因素进行研究,结果表明:碳源对两种油桃叶片胚性愈伤的诱导影响不显著,其他影响因子对油桃叶片胚性愈伤的诱导均显著。其中华光和曙光在暗培养21d时,产生的有效愈伤较其他处理有极显著差异,有利于有效愈伤的产生;外源激素对诱导桃叶片产生胚性愈伤组织影响显著,NAA不是影响胚性愈伤产生的主效因子;基本培养基中,QL,1/2MS培养基有利于华光胚性愈伤的发育,QL,LP培养基有利于曙光胚性愈伤的发育;当温度在24￣27.5℃时,光照强度为2000lx,有利于胚性愈伤组织的诱导及生长;接种方式上,叶背横切,叶面贴于培养基表面的接种方法易产生胚性愈伤。实验中发现:叶背横切,叶面接于G+2.5mg/LBA+0.5mg/LIBA培养基上,暗培养21d,转入1/2MS+2.0mg/lTDZ+2.0mg/LBA+0.5mg/LNAA的培养基中,温度控制在24￣27.5℃,光照强度为2000lx时,愈伤组织发育良好,获得高频胚性愈伤,进一步分化产生8%的不定芽。

Factors affecting embryonic callus from leaves of early season nectarine cultivars

Experiment was conducted with Huaguang and Shuguang nectarine cultivars for studying the effects of different plant growth regulators, the base media, carbon resources and environmental factors (intensity of illumination, temperature, the dark days) on the formation of embryonic callus. Results showed that under 21 dark days culture Huaguang and Shuguang could form more efficient callus than under other dark culture duration; plant growth regulators had great effect on acquiring embryonic callus, though NAA wasn't the main factor. Among base media, QL and 1/2MS were favorable to the growth of Huaguang's embryonic callus and QL,LP did better with Shuguang; when temperature was between 24℃ and 27.5℃ and intensity of illumination was 2000 lx, callus grew better; back-leaf was cut and front-leaf touched on the media, embryonic callus were easily acquired. Results also showed that carbon sources played unimportant roles and the other factors had a notable impact on acquiring embryonic callus through nectarine leaves. During the experiment, cross cutting back of leaves in both nectarine cultivars cultured on G medium for 21 dark days, then cultured on 1/2MS+TDZ 2 mg/L+BA 2 mg/L +NAA 0.5 mg/L, between 24℃ and 27.5℃ in the daytime and 2000 lx in intensity of illumination, the callus grew stronger and embryoid appeared, differentiated tissues were kept on culturing, consequently adventitious shoots from leaves were acquired and the plant regeneration percentage from leaves was 8%.