四川水牛杂交改良研究

四川于1971年开始引进摩拉种公牛杂交改良本地水牛,至1985年已约有杂交水牛55,000头。杂交一代水牛在体格、役用能力、产肉力及产乳力上均优于本地水牛。第一代杂交母水牛第一胎泌乳期产奶置为1096.65公斤,含脂率8.5％,相当于1842.37公斤标准奶,而本地母水牛仅产奶441.41公斤,含脂率9.75％,相当于812.19公斤标准奶,杂交一代母水牛第一泌乳期产奶量较本地母水牛高127‰故水牛为一种潜在的遗传资源,杂交育种是向乳用方向改良本地水牛的有效方法。

CROSSBRDEEDING EXPERIMENT IN SICHUAN INDIGENOUS BUFFALO

The work on the crossbreeding of local cows with Murrah bulls was started in 1971 in Sichuan and to 1985 about 55,000 crossbred were produced. The first filial generations are generally recognized as being superior to local breeds in size, working ability, meat production and milk producing ability. It has been found that the milk in 1st lactation of F_1 female amounts to 1096.65 kg and contains 8.5% milk fat, which corresponds to 1836.96 kg of standardized milk, but that a local cow only 441.41 kg of milk and with 9.57% of milk fat, which corresponds to 810.16 kg of standardized milk. In the 1st lactation the former produces 127% more than the latter. Therefore, buffaloes are a potential genetic resource, and the crossbreeding scheme may be suggested as an efficient way of improving the indigenous buffaloes for milk purpose.