Relationship between fluoride contents and loss of lichens near an aluminium works |
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Authors: | Donald F Perkins |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Deiniol Road, LL57 2UP, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK
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Abstract: | The relationship between F contents and damage to previously unpolluted saxicolous lichens (Ramalina sp) was examined in the vicinity of an Al works on the island of Anglesey, North Wales. Damage was greatest <2 km from the works, where 41% of Ramalina thalli showed >50% chlorosis and necrosis. Loss of lichens (measured by changes in percent cover in 58 permanent quadrats) decreased with increasing distance from the works. Lichens well-exposed to emissions had the largest F content and 20 to 30% more losses than those less-exposed. Well-exposed lichens had rates of loss of cover of 4.9% km?1 yr?1, whereas more sheltered thalli had losses of 3.7% km?1 yr?1. In contrast, relatively uncontaminated lichens increased in % cover. Content of F reflected both distance from the works and exposure to emissions; losses, and F content, were closely related (r2=0.90). Lichens containing 300, 100 and 50 μg F g?1 dry weight lost 46, 15 and 10% of cover yr?1, respectively. |
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