2种精油和2种单萜对枸杞木虱触杀及酶活性的影响

为探究植物次生物质对枸杞木虱(Paratrioza sinica Yang&Li)的防治效果,采用玻璃管药膜法测定丁香酚、肉桂油、α-松油醇和香茅油对枸杞木虱的触杀毒力,以及2种增效剂对这4种植物次生物质的增效作用,并测定了其对枸杞木虱离体乙酰胆碱酯酶及腺苷三磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明:丁香酚、肉桂油、α-松油醇和香茅油对枸杞木虱成虫均有触杀作用,毒力由大到小依次为丁香酚、肉桂油、α-松油醇、香茅油,其LC50分别为0.37、0.38、0.85、7.29 mL·L^-1,其中丁香酚和肉桂油对枸杞木虱成虫的触杀毒力较大。马来酸二乙酯和水杨酸乙酯对丁香酚的增效作用最明显,对香茅油的增效作用也较好。丁香酚、肉桂油对枸杞木虱成虫触杀作用时间较迅速,LT50分别为3.27、3.38 h。丁香酚、肉桂油、α-松油醇和香茅油对Na^+-K^+-ATP酶和Ca^2+-Mg^2+-ATP酶都有一定的抑制作用,抑制作用和次生物质体积分数成正相关。肉桂油对枸杞木虱成虫乙酰胆碱酯酶有明显的抑制作用,其他次生物质作用不明显。综上,丁香酚和肉桂油对枸杞木虱成虫具有较好的杀虫活性,适用于枸杞木虱的防治。

Effects of Two Plant Essential Oils and Two Monoterpenoids on Contact Toxicity and Enzyme Activities of Paratrioza sinica

In order to study the control effect of plant secondary substances such as cinnamon oil, citronella oil, eugenol and α-terpineol on Paratrioza sinica Yang & Li, the contact toxicity of eugenol, cinnamon oil, α-terpineol and citronella oil to P. sinica were determined by using glass tube residual bioassay and the synergism of two synergists to these four substances. The acetylcholinesterase(AChE) inhibition activities of the substances on P. sinica were evaluated. The results showed that eugenol, cinnamon oil, α-terpineol and citronella oil had contact toxicities on the adults of P. sinica. LC50 values of eugenol, cinnamon oil, α-terpineol and citronella oil were 0.37, 0.38, 0.85 and 7.29 mL/L, respectively. The contact toxicity of eugenol and cinnamon oil to the adults of P. sinica were the higher. Both diethyl maleate and ethyl salicylate had the most synergistic effect on eugenol and citronella oil. Eugenol and cinnamon oil had the shorter median lethal time, and LT50 values of eugenol and cinnamon oil were 3.27 and 3.38 h, respectively. Eugenol, cinnamon oil, α-terpineol and citronella oil inhibited the activities of N^a+-K^+-ATPase and Ca^2+-Mg^2+-ATPase, and the inhibition was positively correlated with the concentration of essential oils. Only cinnamon oil of four kinds of oil had significant inhibitory effect on AChE of P. sinica. The eugenol and cinnamon oil had remarkable insecticidal activity to the adults of P. sinica, and were suitable for the control of P. sinica.