两种AM真菌对箭筈豌豆生长及炭疽病发生的影响

通过温室盆栽试验,以兰箭3号春箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa Lanjian No.3)为试验材料,探究接种AM真菌扭形球囊霉(Glomus tortuosum)与根内根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices)对箭筈豌豆生长及炭疽病发生的影响。结果表明,接种扭形球囊霉后,箭筈豌豆炭疽病的发生受到明显抑制,发病率较不接种对照降低70.15%,病情指数较对照降低51.36%;两种AM真菌显著促进了箭筈豌豆生长及N、P吸收,接种扭形球囊霉和根内根孢囊霉后地上生物量相比对照增加18.44%~54.92%,地下生物量增加25.68%~84.68%,N、P含量增幅最高在1倍以上;两种AM真菌也显著增加了箭筈豌豆过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低了丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。综上可知,扭形球囊霉和根内根孢囊霉不仅能够有效抑制箭筈豌豆炭疽病的发生,而且可显著促进植物养分吸收和植株生长,影响植物抗逆生化指标,有作为箭筈豌豆炭疽病潜在的生防菌株的潜力。

Effect of two kinds of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and anthracnose of Vicia sativa

Common vetch(Vicia sativa),found in the alpine regions,is a legume important for its use as forage and as green manure.Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lentis is a new disease that severely restricts the production of common vetch.Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi can enhance the resistance of plants to stress.In this study,a pot experiment was established in a greenhouse to study the effects of AM fungi(Glomus tortuosum and Rhizophagus intraradices)on the growth of common vetch(V.sativa‘Lanjian No.3’)and the occurrence of anthracnose disease in it.The results showed that the incidence of anthracnose was significantly inhibited after inoculation with these AM fungi-the inhibition rate was up to 70.15%,and the disease index was down to 51.36% compared with the control.AM fungi promoted plant growth and the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus.Compared with the control,after vaccinating with AM fungi,the shoot biomass increased by 18.44%~54.92%,and the root biomass increased by 25.68%~84.68%.The N and P content increased by up to one time compared with the control.In addition,AM fungi significantly increased the activity of peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),and decreased the content of malondialdehyde of common vetch(P<0.05).In summary,G.tortuosum and R.intraradices effectively inhibited the occurrence of anthracnose while also significantly promoting nutrient absorption and plant growth,thus changing the plant biochemical indicators.The two AM fungi have potential to be used as biocontrol agents for anthracnose of common vetch.