陕西14种小檗属植物的叶表皮微形态

应用光学显微镜对西北农林科技大学植物标本馆中分布于陕西省的14种小檗属(Berberis)植物的叶表皮微形态特征进行了研究。结果表明:14种小檗属植物叶表皮细胞形状有多边形和无规则形两种;垂周壁式样有平直-弓形、浅波形和深波形3种。叶表皮外均有不同程度加厚的角质层。气孔器只分布在所有研究的14种小檗属植物的下表皮,形状为椭圆形、长椭圆形、宽椭圆形;气孔器类型大多为无规则型。这些特征与它们具有的耐旱性有一定的相关性。对气孔指数、气孔密度、气孔长宽比的数据分析表明:陕西14种小檗属植物的气孔指数差异较大,可作为种间分类的依据;气孔密度在特定几种植物间的差异较明显,可作为部分种的分类依据。

Leaf epidermal micromorphology of 14 species of Berberis from Shaanxi

The leaf epidermal micromorphology characteristics of 14 Berberis species from Shaanxi(samples were collected from the herbarium of Northwest A&F University)were observed under a light microscope.The results showed that the shapes of the epidermal cells were polygonal or irregular,with anticlinal walls straight and arched or undulate.There were different degrees of thickening in the stratum cuticula of the epidermis.All the 14 species were hypostomatic.The stomata were mainly anomocytic and the shapes of the stomatal apparatus were oval,long oval,or wide oval.These characteristics were related to their drought tolerance.The results of data analysis on the characteristics of the stomatal index,stomatal density,and ratio of stomatal length showed that the stomatal index of the 14 species of Berberis in Shaanxi was quite different,and can be used for identifying Berberis species.Stomatal density was obviously different among specific species,and can be used for identifying specific species in a small range.