磷化氢抗性锈赤扁谷盗和其它几种害虫的实仓熏蒸效果比较

在实仓条件下储藏小麦的高大平房仓,采用高浓度磷化氢环流熏蒸抗性锈赤扁谷盗Cryptolestes ferrugineus(Stephens)、嗜卷书虱Liposcelis bostrychophila Bodonnel、谷蠹Rhizopertha dominica(Fabricius)、赤拟谷盗Triboliumcastaneum(Herbst)和米象Sitophilus oryzae(Linnaeus)等5种不同抗性水平害虫,记录磷化氢浓度变化、熏蒸过程中及培养一段时间后的害虫死亡情况等。主要结果为:抗性较低的米象和赤拟谷盗在熏蒸第7 d即都全部死亡,此过程中磷化氢的浓度处于300 mL/3→500 mL/m3的上升阶段;抗性中等水平的谷蠹在磷化氢浓度保持在300 mL/m3以上19 d的时间才能全部死亡,而高抗性书虱和锈赤扁谷盗则需要在第21 d和27 d后才全部死亡,此过程中磷化氢的浓度处于前期上升阶段和500 mL/3→200 mL/m3的下降阶段。结果表明,有效熏蒸书虱和锈赤扁谷盗不仅需要较高的磷化氢浓度,更需要在较高磷化氢浓度下保持更长的熏蒸时间。

FIELD TRIAL OF PHOSPHINE FUMIGATION AGAINST RESISTANT STRAIN CRYPTOLESTES FERRUGINEUS (STOPHENS) AND OTHER STORED GRAIN INSECTS

The field trial of phosphine fumigation against resistant species Cryptolestes ferrugineus（Stophens）,Liposcelis bostrychophila Bodonnel,Rhizopertha dominica（Fabricius）,Tribolium castaneum（Herbst） and Sitophilus oryzae（Linnaeus） was carried out in a horizontal storage,in which 7666t of wheat was stored.The phosphine concentration and mortality of the tested insects were recorded and analysed during the fumigation.100% mortality achieved for T.castaneum and S.oryzae（Linnaeus） on the seventh day at the phosphine concentration of 300～500 mL/m3.The full mortality was gotten in nineteen days for R.dominica while the phosphine concentration was above 300 mL/m3.The complete mortality for C.ferrugineus and L.bostrychophila achieved in twenty seven and twenty one days,concentration change was in the range of 300～500 mL/m3 and then 500～200 mL/m3.The higher phosphine concentration and exposure time were very important for effective fumigation for Liposcclis bostrychophila and C.ferrugineus.