几种环境胁迫对海州常山形态和生理特性的影响

以1a生盆栽海州常山根蘖苗为试材,通过水分和盐胁迫处理,研究海州常山在几种环境胁迫下的形态和生理生化变化特性。结果表明:逆境胁迫对海州常山形态和生理生化特征产生显著影响。干旱胁迫下第14天叶片出现萎蔫且不能在夜间自行恢复,复水后有60%的苗木能恢复生长;湿害胁迫至第7～10天有60%的苗木下部2～3片叶变黄,且基部有皮孔出现;涝害胁迫初期,苗木基部出现肥大白色皮孔,第8天叶片萎蔫、失绿、脱落;在大于或等于0.6%盐胁迫下叶片出现大量脱落,甚至整株死亡。随着胁迫强度的加大与时间的延长,细胞相对质膜透性逐渐增大,SOD酶活性出现先升高后降低的趋势,脯氨酸含量在高强度胁迫下急剧增加。综合分析认为,海州常山具有一定强度的抗旱、耐水湿和耐盐特性,但不适宜在长时间水涝环境下生长。

Effects of Several Environmental Stress on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Clerodendrum trichotomum

Under water and NaCl stress,morphological and physiological characteristics of 1 year potted root-seedlings of Clerodendrum trichotomum were observed and tested.The results showed that the morphology and physiological indicators of C.trichotomum were obviously changed under stress.Under 14 days of sustaining natural drought stress,leaves wilted and could not automatically restored,but 60% of seedlings recovered the growth after re-watering.Under wet injury,about 60% seedlings’ lower stem leaves began to turn yellow during the 7th and 10th day after being treated in high humility condition,and the lenticels appeared in the basic stem.The leaves turned yellow and fell at the 8th day after being treated by waterlogging stress.Equal or more than 0.6% NaCl stress result in a large number of leaves loss or even death.With stress strength increasing and time prolonging,cell membrane permeability expanded gradually,at first,activity of SOD increased,but later it decreased variously,while content of proline increased obviously under high intensity stress.Comprehensive analysis showed that C.trichotomum was a highly drought-resistant,water-resistant and salt-resistant tree,but its water-resistant ability couldn’t remain for a relative long time.