Agronomic evaluation of Leucaena. Part 1. Adaptation to environmental challenges in multi-environment trials |
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Authors: | BF Mullen HM Shelton RC Gutteridge KE Basford |
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Institution: | (1) School of Land and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia |
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Abstract: | A multi-environment trial was conducted to evaluate the performance of high yielding accessions from most taxa of Leucaena, for broad and specific adaptation to growth-limiting environments, and to develop an understanding of environmental parameters
limiting growth of this important multipurpose tropical tree-legume genus. Eighteen sites were selected to include environments
known to constrain the growth of L. leucocephala. Accessions were planted in replicated line plots, with 10 trees/plot, spaced 50 cm apart, and with rows spaced 3 m apart.
Environmental parameters measured were maximum and minimum temperatures, rainfall and psyllid pressure. Soil fertility and
acidity indices were derived from soil analyses. A KX2 F1 hybrid accession proved broadly adapted with high yield rankings
in all environments, and with yield advantage greatest at low temperature and high psyllid pressure sites. Specific adaptation
to low temperature environments was identified in L. trichandra OFI53/88, and to a lesser extent in L. pallida CQ3439. No accessions were specifically adapted to acid-infertile soils. Highest dry matter production was achieved in fertile,
hot, humid, low psyllid environments. Very low growth rates were achieved in acid-infertile and low temperature environments.
Yield was strongly reduced by mean monthly minimum temperatures of 22 °C, mean monthly maximum temperatures of 29 °C, psyllid
pressure of >2.5 (1–9 scale of increasing pressure based on damage to young leaves), acidity index of 6 (1–7 scale of decreasing
acidity based on soil and Al saturation) and fertility index of 9 (1–12 scale of increasing fertility based on critical soil
nutrient levels).
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | Acid-soils G×E interaction KX2 hybrid Low temperature Tree legume |
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