近10年景观生态学模型研究进展

对2001—2010年国内外景观生态学模型研究文献的梳理发现,景观模型研究已是景观生态学研究的热点与重点。归纳总结了当前景观生态学研究领域中景观模型的主要特点、优劣势及其应用范畴,并将景观模型归纳为空间概率模型、领域规则模型、景观过程模型和景观智能耦合模型4大类,其中景观过程模型进一步分为空间生态系统模型、空间斑块动态模型、空间直观景观模型、个体行为模型。提出当前景观生态模型研究中存在的主要问题,即数据源获取与模型间的矛盾、重模拟轻检验、生态过程对格局影响的模型研究尚为薄弱、模型尺度推绎仍未有大突破等。最后,从景观模型的有效性检验和评价、模型的尺度推绎、模型的简化和现实应用性、模型的普适性以及模型的辅助支持等方面对景观生态模型的研究未来予以展望。

Research Advances in Landscape Ecology Modeling in the Latest 10 Years

Based on literature review on landscape ecology modeling in China and in the world between 2001 and 2010,it was showed that landscape ecology modeling had already been a hot and key research spot in the field of landscape ecology.The major characteristics,advantages,disadvantages and application scope of the landscape models in the current research field of landscape ecology were analyzed in this paper.The present landscape models were divided into four categories,i.e.,spatial probability models,neighborhood rule models,process-based landscape models,and landscape intelligent coupling models.Among which the process-based landscape models were subdivided into spatial eco-system models,spatial patch dynamic models,spatial explicit landscape models,and individual-based models.The principal problems related to landscape ecology modeling such as the contradiction between modeling and data acquisition,neglecting model inspection but stressing on model simulation,shortage of studies on impact of the ecological process on the model pattern,and there were no key breakthroughs on the model scale interpretation were summarized.The prospects of the future studies on the aspects of landscape ecology model test and assessment,model scale conversion,model simplification and practical application,model universality and subsidiary support were discussed in the paper.